چکیده:
This article is derived from a broader research project on the national anthems of countries around the world. In this part of the research, we examine the national anthems of European countries within the framework of the Laclau and Mouffe model, the Van Dijk approach, and certain linguistic tools, attempting to answer these questions: What are the central signifiers of each country's national anthem? What are the similarities and differences in the linguistic structures of the national anthem texts of these countries? To this end, we have examined the Persian translations of the national anthems of 30 European countries. In this analysis, we extracted 46 central signifiers from the text of European national anthems that are of interest to all nations. Among the central signifiers used in the national anthems of European countries, war, past-orientedness, description of the land, freedom, unity, prayer to God, and future-orientedness have the highest frequency. The linguistic structures of this study show that the use of the present tense is significantly higher than the past and future tenses. 14 European countries (46.66% of all European countries) place special emphasis on the opposition and polarity of 'us' versus 'them' in their national anthems, while the remaining 16 countries (53.33%) only speak of themselves and do not acknowledge an 'otherness.' The frequency of positive words in (96.66% of European national anthems) is higher than negative words. France is the only country where the frequency of negative words is higher than positive words.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Among the central signifiers used in the national anthems of European countries, war, past-orientedness, description of the land, freedom, unity, prayer to God, and future-orientedness have the highest frequency.
Frequency of the most commonly used central motifs of the national anthems of European countries Row Central motif Other motifs Countries Expelling enemies, oppressors and slaves Frequency Percentage Reclaiming enemy conquests Call to rise against oppressors and condemnation of being under their yoke Defeat and destruction of the enemy Fall of enemies and nullifying their conspiracies Depicting the face of the enemy and their actions Fighting and standing against the weapons of enemies 1 War Overthrowing opposition 17 56/66d d Sacrifice (death) for the homeland rcs Defending the homeland and nurturing fighters Attack and re-establishment of the nation Battle of warriors for God Bravery of the hero and constant readiness for battle Resilience of the homeland and its invincibility War in the way of the homeland Mentioning ancestors 2 Past Historical background 16 53/33d d Mentioning national heroes of the past and following them rcs Mentioning past lands Free homeland Holy land Honorable and glorious land Happy land 3 Description of the homeland Bright and shining 14 46/66 percent Like a home A new and unique gift in the world Description of its architecture Land of heroes 159 Eternal and stable Description of nature and the beauty of the land Freedom Freedom from the bonds of captivity Rejection of captivity Continuity of freedom Guarantor of happiness 4 Freedom Preferring death over slavery 11 36/66 percent Rejection of slavery r Respect for freedom Flag of freedom Sacrifice and struggle for it Swearing by it Its evolution Unity of the people Brotherhood of the people Its presence in the land 5 Unity Its continuity 9 30 percent Uniting r Symbol of invincibility and immortality Call to unity Guarantor of happiness Trusting and having hope in God For the preservation of the homeland Bestowing joy and happiness For the stability of the government and the queen For claiming rights 6 Prayer to God Preservation and defense of the land against foreigners 9 30 percent Recognizing God's blessings in the land The constant presence of God in the land Praising the power of God Liberation from darkness with God's guidance Gratitude to God and His blessings Being hopeful for the future Prosperity of the homeland in the future Rebirth 7 Futurism New destiny 8 26/66 percent Smiling futures Bestowing good futures Evolution of the land 160 / Chart No.
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