چکیده:
This writing aims to analyze an angle of the evolving meaning of the social and its interaction with the political in recent decades, by explaining the foundations of Jacques Rancière's critique and rethinking of political sociology. The central question of the writing is how and based on what signifiers, foundations, categories, and components sociology (political) is articulated in Rancière's critical thought, and how it seeks to analyze and represent reality? In response, the preliminary hypothesis is proposed that sociology (political) in Rancière's thought, under the shadow of a specific understanding of the concept of anti-sociology, is articulated based on the formulation and rereading of notions such as emancipation, democracy, police, politics, politics of old, political aesthetics, political subjectification, the sensible, etc., and through a generally negative dialectic and interaction with theorists such as Bourdieu, in line with the structuring and rethinking of the social. This understanding of political sociology seeks to transition from the conventional meanings and readings of this science (traditional, modern, and even postmodern) and to give it more philosophical and agentic depth. This emerging tradition, represented by individuals such as Rancière, strives to reformulate the meaning of the social in the post-globalization era.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The main question of this article is: 'How and based on what signifiers, foundations, categories, and components is political sociology articulated in Ranciere's critical thought, and how in the analysis and representation of reality?» In response, the following preliminary hypothesis is proposed: "Political sociology in Ranciere's thought is articulated in the shadow of a specific understanding of the concept of anti-sociology, based on the presentation and re-reading of notions such as emancipation, democracy, polis, politics, old politics, political aesthetics, political subjectification, the sensible matter, etc.
If Bourdieu's work on the French educational system, for example, clearly shows how this system operates in the interest of the affluent and elite classes and exposes them to interests found in non-knowledgeable practices such as intellectual abstraction or aesthetic distance, Ranciere states that the approach of sociologists maintains the gap and void between the insight of elites and the ignorance of the public and the masses (Hallward, 2005: 30-31).
Ranciere criticizes postmodern sociology (especially Jean Baudrillard and Bourdieu) and argues that they have no interest in theorizing about the masses, classes, and lower orders; they are essentially not subjects of political action, but merely objects of a philosophical reconstruction that has a kind of external embodiment.
Ranciere refers to the role of the lower classes or the poor (or others whose role in society is not to think) in the political sociology writings of theorists like Bourdieu; a subject that paradoxically reinforces the isolation that exists between the masses on one hand and thought and art on the other.
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