چکیده:
Although terrorism is not a new phenomenon, as one of the problems of today's world, it has gripped many governments and has expanded to the extent that it has affected many international equations. The sphere of influence of this phenomenon has even challenged the sovereignty of some countries and has forced many to think about confronting it. Therefore, providing comprehensive and preventive counter-terrorism strategies, formulated in light of different approaches to terrorism, seems necessary. This research, considering culture as the fabric of every society, views terrorism as a social phenomenon rooted in cultures; therefore, it considers the cultural approach as the basis for combating terrorism. This research intends to address terrorism by providing a set of cultural strategies as a fundamental strategy, and in this process, while taking into account the capabilities and limitations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, seeks to formulate a comprehensive and indigenous plan. Thus, by presenting seven headings—'Counter-terrorism strategies at different geographical levels, counter-terrorism strategies regarding terrorist incidents in different time intervals, counter-terrorism policies based on nature, strategies focused on terrorist groups, macro policies aimed at limiting the activities of terrorist groups, policies for limiting and repelling terrorism at the source, and confronting all types of existing or upcoming terrorism in the country'—it explains policies and then, in two headings, outlines the division of national duties in achieving cultural counter-terrorism strategies and the division of duties of sovereign (public) institutions in achieving cultural counter-terrorism strategies. Finally, the perspective of this plan is the delegitimization of terrorism and terrorist acts, increasing the level of awareness, and consequently reducing extremist tendencies, which in the long term and with a tolerant approach will lead to the radical reduction of terrorism in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The damages, challenges, weaknesses, and problems facing the anti-terrorism cultural strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran can be examined in the following cases: damages and challenges such as not having serious and sufficient efforts to moderate, erode, or dry up extremist and radical ethnic, religious, and political tendencies; ignoring the roots, reasons, and goals of terrorist groups; not utilizing the capacities of the country's academic system; lack of consensus regarding terrorism in the general culture of citizens and weak awareness of public opinion and the people about the importance, necessity, and possibility of confronting it; the possibility of the growth of extremist tendencies in important religious centers of the country (between Shiites and Sunnis); extensive cultural attacks by extremist groups outside the country and attempts to persuade various social strata to join them, etc.
C) Islamic Consultative Assembly (three relevant commissions) -- Reforming laws based on new threats and requirements of terrorist activities; -- Formulating laws related to the social and cultural foundations of combating terrorism; D) Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution -- Examining the intellectual and cultural foundations of the growth and emergence of radicalism in the country and taking necessary measures; -- Providing the ground for intellectual-cultural interactions or cultural multilateralism in the country; -- Strengthening intercultural relations and reducing intercultural sensitivities among the ethnic groups and religions of the country; -- Eliminating and reducing the spirits of racism, xenophobia, deprivation, fanaticism, and enmity-making; -- Preventing the marginalization, discrimination, harassment, and persecution of refugees and vulnerable groups; -- Promoting a culture of tolerance in the sense of respect and attention to the diversity of cultures and modes of expression as a mental inclination; -- Extracting and expanding social tolerances from Iranian and Islamic cultural, literary, and philosophical foundations; -- Striving for the moral condemnation of terrorist acts in public opinion and labeling "moral irresponsibility" on any type of extremist, terrorist, violent, and rioting behavior; -- Reducing the tendency of general citizens to use the strategy of violence in public culture to pursue collective demands and shifting people toward civil and parliamentary methods; -- The dominance of a culture of patience and endurance for pursuing and realizing needs and demands.
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