چکیده:
Al-Qaeda is considered a turning point in the evolution of radical Islamism and consists of three generations. Central Al-Qaeda was formed with the support of the United States and its regional allies to fight the former Soviet Union in Afghanistan; after the defeat and withdrawal of the former Soviet Union from Afghanistan, it changed its strategy to a global Islamic front against Crusaders and Jews. The ideological roots of Al-Qaeda and ISIS trace back to Salafi-Takfiri thought, which originated from Wahhabism. Following the US invasion of Afghanistan during the Taliban era and subsequently Iraq, Al-Qaeda relocated to Iraq and engaged in fighting occupiers and Shiites. Al-Qaeda Iraq's change in strategy caused a split within Al-Qaeda and ultimately led to the formation of ISIS. This article first addresses the formation of Al-Qaeda and the split of ISIS from it, and then examines the divergences between Al-Qaeda and ISIS from ideological, organizational, and jihadi perspectives, and finally, states the similarities between Al-Qaeda and ISIS.
خلاصه ماشینی:
" Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the terrorist group ISIS, while declaring the caliphate across Iraq and Syria in June 2014, called for global allegiance (bay'ah) from the entire Muslim Ummah and described the establishment of this caliphate as a "religious and Sharia" duty.
Formation of the Caliphate: In an extremist sense, Al-Qaeda claims to fight to establish an "Islamic Caliphate" and implement Sharia laws;1 but in current conditions, it is not seeking to form a government, state, or caliphate within a specific geographical area; whereas ISIS is seeking to establish a "Caliphate," has declared its geographical area, and is pursuing territory, domain, and possessions to create a country composed of Sunni Muslims and to govern it through a violent and Takfiri interpretation of Sharia.
Political strategy: The goal of Al-Qaeda has been the promotion of jihadi Salafism, armed confrontation with the interests of Westerners and Americans, as well as American supporters in the region, and the protection of the rights of Muslims (Sunnis), considering itself a global insurgent group uniting Muslim communities against secular states; whereas the political strategy of ISIS has been the formation of a caliphate in a specific region, having announced the political map of its intended geographical area for the formation of an Islamic Emirate, and it seeks to create a new so-called religious order stemming from Takfiri thought, and wants to implement Islamic laws and regulations based on its ideology in a specific geographical area.
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