An examination of Michael Sandel and Robert Nozick's critiques of the incompatibility of the difference principle and individualism in the view of John Rawls مقاله

چکیده:

This article aims to examine Sandel's critique that Rawls's introduction of the difference principle in the distribution of assets—which posits that no one is truly entitled to or the absolute owner of their possessions, and therefore each individual's assets should be treated as public assets in which everyone shares the benefits—requires a communitarian conception of the 'Self' as an owner broader than individual ownership, which could be called a 'communal self.' This conception of self and ownership is in conflict with Rawls's individualism and ontological liberalism. Robert Nozick critiques Rawls's difference principle by stating that the difference principle and the redistribution of assets require taxing the wealthy to help the poor, which results in exploiting the fruits of the wealthy's labor and enslaving them, thereby conflicting with the individual liberty of liberalism. The author of this article aims to clarify the characteristics and capabilities of the difference principle in Rawls's theory of justice through the analysis and evaluation of these two critiques. This article aims to examine Sandel's critique that Rawls's introduction of the difference principle in the distribution of assets—which posits that no one is truly entitled to or the absolute owner of their possessions, and therefore each individual's assets should be treated as public assets in which everyone shares the benefits—requires a communitarian conception of the 'Self' as an owner broader than individual ownership, which could be called a 'communal self.' This conception of self and ownership is in conflict with Rawls's individualism and ontological liberalism. Robert Nozick critiques Rawls's difference principle by stating that the difference principle and the redistribution of assets require taxing the wealthy to help the poor, which results in exploiting the fruits of the wealthy's labor and enslaving them, thereby conflicting with the individual liberty of liberalism. The author of this article aims to clarify the characteristics and capabilities of the difference principle in Rawls's theory of justice through the analysis and evaluation of these two critiques.