چکیده:
A dative construction is a structure comprising a ditransitive verb, an agent, a recipient-like theme, and a patient theme. The semantic role of the recipient expresses a specific participant in an ownership transfer event. This research examines the extent of dative construction climbing and its impact on the marking of the recipient theme. It can be seen that the effects of climbing are not limited to the direct object. Different structures can also be used for the indirect object depending on the change of components. In the original dative construction in the Persian language, the direct object with high individuation is marked with the marker 'ra', and the indirect object appears as a prepositional object after 'be'. In this strategy, the patient theme is marked as patient-like, and the recipient receives a different marker. In fact, the semantic role is the determinant of this marking. The consequence of this type of marking is that the patient and the recipient receive distinct formal markers. This type of marking is rooted in the common features of the patient and the recipient. Of course, these conditions are not absolute, and it is also possible to mark the recipient with 'ra' under certain conditions. The results of this research indicate that in a dative clause, if the recipient has high individuation and prominence, is more affected by the action, the effect of the action on them is noteworthy, and their volition is not involved in the transfer action, it may be marked as a patient in an extraposed climbing clause with the marker 'ra'. It seems that if these conditions are met, through the application of an enhanced indirect object process, it occupies the position of the direct object. The reason for this is the similarity of this participant to the extraposed patient. However, this marking only occurs when the direct object does not have high individuation and, consequently, the effect of the action on the patient is not very significant. Otherwise, the patient takes priority in receiving the accusative marker.
خلاصه ماشینی:
2. Theoretical Foundations of the Research The meaning of the continuity of transitivity is that, contrary to traditional definitions of transitivity, the presence of an object is not the only influencing factor in the transitivity of a verb; rather, components for transitivity can be considered based on which clauses are ranked in terms of transitivity, and a clause agent recipient theme that has more components is more transitive (Hopper and Thompson 1980).
Hopper and Thompson (1980: 259) believe that themes which are called indirect objects should actually be considered as transitive objects, because they tend to be definite and animate to the extent that in some languages this matter agrees with the verb regardless of its state, meaning animacy or definiteness has semantic precedence.
According to Hopper and Thompson, clauses that contain an indirect object possess a higher degree of transitivity regarding other components as well, meaning ditransitive structures have high transitivity.
Kitchell (2006) considers the ditransitive construction to be a structure that has two non-agent themes, both of which can exhibit behavior similar to a patient in a transitive verb.
In this strategy, the undergoer theme is marked similarly to the patient, but the recipient receives a different marker.
In fact, the more the degree of the recipient's volition decreases, the more likely it is to be marked with an object marker due to its similarity to the patient.
If the recipient has an active and volitional role in receiving the undergoer, it becomes similar to the agent and cannot be marked like the patient.
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