چکیده:
The proximity of the two countries, Iran and Afghanistan, over many centuries has resulted in extensive cultural and commercial exchanges between the inhabitants of these regions to this day. The existence of more than 400 kilometers of common border (from the vicinity of Taybad city in Razavi Khorasan to Nehbandan city and the Sistan border in South Khorasan) has created diverse and noteworthy linguistic and dialectal interactions in various linguistic domains that have thus far been less studied, and naturally, a dialectal map in which dialectal boundaries are specified has not been provided. Factors such as the attritional war in Afghanistan and, on the other hand, the reduction of job opportunities and consequently the increase in migration in recent decades, have strengthened the rhythm of dialectal developments and linguistic exchange along this border strip. In this article, the author aims to use regional typology patterns to conduct a comparative study of a selected group of border dialects of South Khorasan province on one hand, and the Persian dialects of the cities of Kabul and Herat on the other, and to study the quality of interaction of these dialects in various linguistic domains. It is worth mentioning that the data used in this research were collected through the researcher's direct field visits and by means of interviewing native speakers and completing the relevant questionnaires.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Fatemeh Zabete also, in her Master's thesis in Linguistics titled "Investigation of the Dialect of Birjand County (Khusf District)," which was completed in 1380 SH at Tehran University, addressed some of the phonetic, morphological, and syntactic features of the studied region.
Thus, in view of the above, the ethno-linguistic groups of Afghanistan can be listed as follows: - Iranian: Tajik (including Persian-speakers and Qizilbash), Pashtun, Baloch, Eimak, and Hazara - Turkic: Uzbek, Turkmen, Kyrgyz - Others: Nuristani, Pashei (Dardic), Brahui (Dravidian) Currently, the main languages of the people of Afghanistan; namely Dari Persian and Pashto, belong to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family, and in the new constitution of Afghanistan, these two common languages have also been accepted as official languages.
More than half of the people of Afghanistan are Persian speakers; while about 35 percent of the population speaks Pashto, which belongs to the eastern group of Iranian languages.
In today's Afghanistan, which has multiple languages, Dari Persian, especially the dialects of Herat Ortospana Uerddhasthana and Kabul, is more formal than the others, and almost all people have been familiar with this language since the past and are able to speak it.
Finally, one of the results of studying the languages and dialects of Eastern Khorasan is the ease of scrutinizing ancient Persian texts; this is because ancient Persian of Iran has many phonetic similarities to the Dari commonly spoken in Afghanistan today.
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