Analysis of linguistic crime 'Lying in the judicial system from the perspective of legal linguistics' (A case study in the judicial courts of Tehran) مقاله

چکیده:

Legal linguistics is a field that has been aligned with the legal objectives existing in the judicial system and emphasizes all branches of linguistics, including phonology, semantics, discourse, etc. This science is not well-known in Iran; however, it can have significant applications in the judicial system. The purpose of writing this article is to demonstrate how linguistic tools can, through linguistic analysis, assist in identifying linguistic crimes, especially when no conventional or clear evidence is available. Linguistic crime refers to certain speech acts that are usually illegal; in other words, linguistic crime occurs through intentional action, such as lying, deception, threat, bribery, etc. For the writing of this article, after observing numerous cases in the prosecutor's office and the Greater Tehran Criminal Investigation Police, we selected one piece of data in which the linguistic crime of 'lying' existed and then analyzed it. This relatively complete data was analyzed in two stages: first, the defendant's sentences from a linguistic perspective, and then power relations; ultimately, we concluded that linguistic factors such as semantic tools (mental schema and mental template, meaning of the verb), syntactic tools (verb mood), verbal tools (power relations), etc., can be effective in identifying and analyzing linguistic crimes. Lying is considered a crime both in the prosecutor's office and the criminal investigation police as an 'officer of the judiciary.' It is worth noting that it is not possible to examine all linguistic crimes in one article; therefore, in the present research, we have only examined the crime of 'lying in the judicial system.'