چکیده:
Historically, the role and position of investment in the process of growth and development has been such that many have called investment the engine of economic growth. Today, and especially in recent decades, it is observed that one of the important characteristics of the global economy is the increasing trend of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In this research, in addition to examining the theoretical aspects of the attractiveness of foreign investment and explaining the factors affecting the attraction of direct investment (including economic factors, incentive and support factors, natural factors, and political factors) and examining the factors affecting economic growth, the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth was investigated through econometric approaches during the period 1978-1998, and the reciprocal relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth for the said period was examined and tested. The results of the research indicate that economic growth, trade openness, and human capital have a significant impact on the trend of foreign direct investment, and the results of the test indicate the existence of a reciprocal relationship between economic growth and foreign direct investment.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Developing policies to confront the country's sanctions and bypass these sanctions 13 According to the Granger causality test, which examines the relationships between variables in the short term, it can be concluded that changes in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have a reciprocal relationship in the short term.
Given the role and relationship of Foreign Direct Investment in the economic growth of the country, as well as its positive impact on other economic indicators, including interest rates and exchange rates, positive impact on the balance of payments, technology transfer, increasing employment and productivity, increasing financial income, and export development, therefore, economic decision-makers and policymakers must accurately determine the attraction of such capital, the share of different economic sectors, and the participation of the state and the private sector in this regard.
Additionally, the open economy variables and human capital have had a positive effect on attracting Foreign Direct Investment, while the effect of wages, real exchange rate, taxes on companies, domestic capital stock of the previous period, and revolutionary and imposed sanctions variables during the studied period has had a negative impact on attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Iran.
In the medium and long term as well, after the economic growth variable itself, capital stock, Foreign Direct Investment, labor force stock, and openness have, respectively, the highest share or the most significant impact on economic growth.
In the long term as well; after the FDI variable itself, the variables of previous period's capital stock, openness, exchange rate, corporate finance, human capital, economic growth, wage rate, and the dummy variable have the highest impact on foreign direct investment, respectively.
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