چکیده:
Achieving the goal of economic growth and development in any country requires the formation of capital to provide the financial resources needed for fundamental and infrastructural projects. Among various types of foreign investment, foreign direct investment, due to advantages such as technology transfer, connection with international markets, transfer of managerial skills, etc., is a suitable source for capital accumulation and subsequently promoting economic growth. Following economic growth and increased production scale, and consequently increased energy consumption, environmental pollution and environmental degradation become more apparent. The aim of this article is to examine the extent of the impact of foreign direct investment on the level of CO2 pollutant emissions, as an indicator of environmental pollution. Additionally, the hypothesis of the entry of energy storage technology through the entry of foreign direct investment into 12 selected MENA countries during the period 1990–2011 is investigated. The results of this research indicate that the entry of foreign direct investment into the region has a positive and significant effect on the level of CO2 pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the entry of foreign capital has not only failed to lead to the entry of energy storage technology in the aforementioned region, but has also caused an increase in energy consumption due to the increase in production scale and therefore a decrease in environmental quality.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In conclusion, given the results obtained from this research, in order to encourage the inflow of foreign direct investment into developing countries and so that this group of countries can traverse their path of economic growth and development with less pollution, recommendations based on the empirical results of this study will be presented as follows: Utilizing the experience of successful countries in attracting and employing foreign capital in developing countries, including Iran, towards energy conservation.
The coefficient obtained for the variable (FDI inflow I) shows a negative and significant effect on CO2 emissions, indicating that a one-unit increase in national income resulting from foreign direct investment reduces the pollution emitted into the environment by 18/6 units.
The positive coefficient of the variable (FDI inflow I) in the studied countries indicates that; a one-unit increase in the interaction effect of foreign direct investment with the square of national income increases carbon dioxide emissions by 19/4 units and reduces environmental quality.
The coefficient of the interaction variable of foreign direct investment with energy use (FDI inflow * Energy use), for the selected developing countries in MENA, is positive and indicates that the improvement and inflow of foreign direct investment has caused an increase in the volume of economic activities and will involve a kind of scale change; which itself leads to an increase in energy consumption and ultimately an increase in the emission of pollutants into the environment and raises environmental pollution.
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