چکیده:
Today, the progress of countries depends on training efficient human beings and utilizing their capabilities. The thought of creative and motivated individuals is a precious treasure that, if properly attended to and utilized, will achieve sustainable development. Iran is among the countries where the migration of its specialized forces is at its highest level. The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of educational, social, and cultural factors on the tendency of University of Tehran students to emigrate. The research method was applied, descriptive, and survey-based. The statistical population included students of the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Tehran. The sample under study was selected using simple random sampling with a size of 415 people, and relevant data were collected using a questionnaire tool. To measure educational satisfaction, the Neil (2010) questionnaire was used; for socio-academic adjustment, the Pascarla and Trinizzi institutional adjustment questionnaire was used; and to measure socio-cultural alienation, three subscales of the Malvin Simon alienation scale were employed. The validity of this tool was confirmed by supervisors and consultants. The reliability of the tool was also obtained by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the variables of satisfaction with the educational system, socio-academic adjustment, socio-cultural alienation, and tendency to emigrate, which were 0.90, 0.71, 0.77, 0.85, and 0.86, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the research data. In examining the relationship between the predictor variables and the criterion variable (tendency to emigrate), Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression were used. The results showed that the independent variables of socio-cultural alienation and age have a significant positive correlation, and the variable of satisfaction with the educational system has a significant negative correlation with the tendency to emigrate variable. No significant relationship was observed between the socio-academic adjustment variable and the level of tendency to emigrate. Men have a significantly higher tendency, and undergraduate students have a lower tendency to emigrate compared to Master's and PhD students. There was no significant difference between any of the socio-economic classes of the students and the level of tendency to emigrate.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Altbach (Rumbley & Altbach, Reisberg, Liz, 2009), using the pull and push model to explain the phenomenon of student migration from third-world countries, has stated the educational factors affecting the decision to study abroad.
The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of educational, social and cultural factors on the tendency to migrate among University of Tehran students.
While no significant relationship was observed between the tendency to migrate to foreign countries and the variables of marital status, field of study, gender, level of education, and socio-economic status.
4. To what extent are the variables of satisfaction with the educational system, social and academic adaptation, and socio- cultural alienation predictive of the level of tendency to migrate?
The purpose of this design was to investigate the existence of a significant relationship between the variables of satisfaction with the educational system, social-academic adaptation, and socio-cultural alienation with the variable of tendency to migrate, and to determine to what extent the predictor variables predict changes in the tendency to migrate variable.
The first section of demographic information included questions regarding age, gender, marital status, level and field of study, and the socio-economic status of students; the second section related to the questionnaire on satisfaction with the educational system; the third section related to the questionnaire on social and academic adaptation; the fourth section related to the questionnaire on socio-cultural alienation; and the last section related to the questionnaire on the tendency to migrate.
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