چکیده:
Human capital is one of the most important dimensions and capacities available in economic growth, playing a major role in addressing inequalities. Given that human capital, as one of the most important factors affecting economic growth, can play a significant role in development, the aim of this research, in addition to a comparative study of growth and development in Iran's provinces, was to examine the relationship between human capital and economic growth and also to quantitatively investigate the impact of human capital on the economic growth of provinces to answer this question: Does scientific growth in provinces provide economic growth? In this research, economic patterns and panel data models were used to determine the extent of the relationship between human capital and economic growth. The statistical population consisted of all provinces of the country, which, according to the index of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, are divided into three categories: developed, less developed, and undeveloped provinces. The relationship between human capital and economic growth in the three aforementioned groups of provinces was tested and examined during the period 1379-1387. The results showed that the human capital index had a positive impact on the economic growth of all three groups. However, the impact of human capital on economic growth in developed provinces was greater than the other two groups, and part of the developmental gap that exists among the three groups can be explained based on the existing gap in their human capital index.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In order to determine this relationship, as mentioned, the provinces of the country were divided into three groups: developed, less developed, and undeveloped, based on the report of the Planning Deputy of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade on the subject, and based on existing statistics 4, economic criteria in the field of economic growth and development were investigated in them and finally, using economic theories and relying on the panel data model, the relationship between human capital and economic growth in the provinces of the country during the period from 1379 to 1387 was tested and examined.
Sadeghi and Emadzadeh (2004, Emadzadeh & Sadeghi) in investigating the impact of higher education on Iran's economic growth during the period 1966-2001 concluded that all estimates obtained from the examined models confirm that to achieve economic growth, in addition to investment in physical capital, investment in human capital is also required, because investing in human capital can, by increasing the skill and expertise level of the labor force, making it more efficient, and enhancing its capabilities, lead to improving the quality of production and increasing the efficiency of using and optimally employing physical capitals.
Y Y Based on theoretical foundations, the identification of variables in previous studies, and also the possibility of statistical measurement in Iran, the following model is presented to examine the impact of human capital development on economic growth in three groups of provinces under study: 1nGDPit=+1nLit+1nKit+1nHit+t (9) GDP is equal to the real Gross Domestic Product [without oil] of each province.
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