چکیده:
Problem Statement: In this research, the push and pull factors of Iranian society have been studied by comparing these factors in advanced industrial societies from the perspective of high school youths in Tehran. The push and pull motivations in each society are based on a complex process dependent on multiple cultural, occupational, economic, educational, scientific, political, and ideological factors. These factors work together and cause an individual to separate from a specific history and geography that forms their entire cultural and social identity and seek refuge elsewhere; this issue is not merely the physical brain drain, but the main issue is the formation of the thought of escape and an internal tendency to leave and migrate from the homeland, which imposes expensive economic, political, and cultural costs on the sending countries, including our country. Method: For this study, pre-university students in Tehran were considered as the statistical population. This research was conducted using a field method with a sample size of 800 people selected randomly, and the data collection tool was a questionnaire, the reliability of which was proven by conducting a pilot study and calculating it using Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 86%. Findings: Based on the findings of this research, the push and pull factors of the two environments (origin and destination) that lead to staying or leaving can be classified into four subcategories: education and research, welfare, socio-cultural contexts, and political-managerial contexts. Results: The result of the research shows their positive view regarding the pull factors of advanced societies and indicates that there is a relationship between the level of material standard of living, academic GPA, gender, and the use of communication tools with the tendency to live in advanced industrial countries.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Socio-cultural Perspectives: Apart from economic factors such as job seeking, finding better employment, creating industrial and commercial centers, and other occupational motivations, numerous other motivations such as forming or joining a family, changing marital status, education, the unbearable living conditions in the origin, the desire to live in the capital or anywhere else, and also political and historical motivations can be pull and push factors that compel a person to leave their homeland; a large part of these factors relate to the cultural and social views of individuals and may not even have a significant economic burden at the time of starting migration and thereafter.
This issue primarily requires the understanding and analysis of these phenomena; also, considering that two-thirds of our country's population consists of youth and adolescents, a high percentage of whom are students, how youth perceive the matter of migration, finding their pull factors toward advanced industrial societies, and evaluating and examining their views regarding the issues and characteristics of their own country and comparing them with the views of their ideals is of great importance.
Data analysis: In this study, the views of the subjects regarding issues such as their future situation in Iran and abroad, their motivations for leaving, and their inclination to live in industrialized developed countries, based on their characteristics, as well as the correlation between variables and the pull and push factors of destination and origin, have been analyzed and classified, and the obtained information has been analyzed computationally (mechanically) using the software spss has been used.
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