چکیده:
Creating new capacities and utilizing existing production potentials is the source of demand for labor. In the Iranian economy, excess capacities in various goods and services sectors are common due to market limitations. An increase in final demand and capital formation reflects domestic demand and net exports, indicating external demand for output growth and, consequently, employment. This article attempts to rank the production and employment-generating potentials of the Iranian economy into ten sectors using various indices within the framework of the 1380 Input-Output Table. In ranking the potential output and employment capacities of sectors, forward linkage, backward linkage, and input-output elasticity indices are used. The findings show that growth-oriented policies cannot be employment-generating; because in all cases, employment elasticities are lower than production elasticities. Among the sectors of the Iranian economy, industry, agriculture, and construction are among the sectors that can be key in providing job opportunities.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Ranking the Productive and Employment-Generating Potentials of Iran's Economic Sectors Farhad Tarhami, Master of Economics and Faculty Member of Payame Noor University, Ahvaz {o*o} Dr. Ali Asghar Esfandiari, Assistant Professor and Faculty Member of Khuzestan University of Science and Research {o**o} Received Date: 87/11/20 Accepted Date: 88/3/12 Pages: 267-286 Creating new capacities and utilizing existing production potentials is the source of demand for labor.
In this research, the ten main sectors The Iranian economy, using the latest input-output table{o1o} available in the country (1380-Statistical Center of Iran), is analyzed in terms of employment generation using various indicators.
As can be observed, the highest number of actual employees in the Iranian economy (except for the year 1375) is in the public, social, personal, and household services sector {o(1).
o Direct Employment Elasticity Input-Output Table} Employment potential of economic sectors based on the input-output elasticity index The highest input-output production elasticity belongs to the construction sector, followed by the industry and public, social, personal, and household services sectors.
Based on input-output employment elasticity, the industrial sector ranks first, followed by the public, social, personal, and household services, agriculture, and construction sectors.
In terms of export employment generation; the agricultural sector ranks first, followed by the industrial, public, social, personal, and household services, and transport, storage, and communication sectors.
Conclusion -The industrial, agricultural, construction, and public-social, personal, and household service sectors have the highest potential capacity for direct and indirect employment creation among the economic sectors.
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