چکیده:
In the present research, the factors affecting the labor supply of youth have been identified using Iranian labor market data for the period 1350-1385. The main question in this research is: what difference do the effects of wage variables, per capita income, educational status, and marital status (married vs. single) on labor supply have among different age groups of men and women? The results show that the most important factor affecting the labor supply in the six youth age groups is GDP per capita; however, the results that can be noted in each age group are as follows: in the 15-19 age group, the wage variable has the least effect on this age group, and similarly, men are more sensitive to wage changes than women, and GDP per capita for women in this group has a negative effect because with an increase in per capita production, household livelihood improves and women participate less in the labor market. Another point is that the coefficient of the educational coverage variable for women in this group is higher than for men, and women place more importance on education. In the 20-24 age group, the variable of the ratio of university graduates is positive for both men and women. Furthermore, the coefficient of GDP per capita for women is lower than for men, but with increasing age (moving from the 20-24 age group toward the 25-29 age group), the effect of per capita income for women has increased. In the 25-29 age group, the coefficient of the university graduate ratio variable for men is higher than for women. Marital status for women in this age group has a negative sign, which indicates that women in this age group substitute work with leisure and childbearing, and upon marriage, they enter the labor market less frequently.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The main question in this research is: what are the differences in the effect of variables such as wages, per capita income, educational status, marital status (married and single) on the labor supply among different age groups of men and women?
The main question in this research is: what are the differences in the effect of variables such as wages, per capita income, educational status, marital status (married and single) on the labor supply among different age groups of men and women?
In the field of labor supply, various studies have been conducted both domestically and abroad; however, given the main question of this research, which is: what is the difference in the effect of wage variables, per capita income, educational status, being married, and being single on labor supply among different age groups of men and women?
The time period used was 1355-1383, and the variables affecting labor supply include educational coverage, the ratio of university graduates, the unemployment rate, the share of employment in economic sectors, household size, the consumer price index, real wages in the public sector, the real wage index for construction workers, and gross domestic product at constant prices.
According to the estimates made, the most important influential variable in the participation rate pattern for men aged 15-19 is per capita Gross Domestic Product, while the minimum wage has the least impact on the labor supply of this age group.
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