چکیده:
The industrial revolution, by changing the way of production, left a tremendous impact on the traditional industries of nations. Affected by industrial developments, Iran's textile industry faced a challenge with machine production; These developments gradually changed the taste of Qajar Iranian society, especially the court, nobility and other classes of the society to use machine textiles. In this period, variables such as diversity in design, pattern and color, price reduction compared to handmade products, changing tastes of different classes of society and the development of trade due to the political and economic power of Europe, led to the spread and expansion of the use of machine-made textiles and the reduction of the consumption of domestic products. and as a result stagnation in many domestic textile branches. In this article, with the historical and analytical method and the use of library resources and by adopting the theoretical framework of dependence, the question is answered that what factors have been effective in creating the domestic textile challenge? And what has been the result of domestic textile stagnation? Relying on the dependency theory, the industrial components affected by the political and economic power of Europe, the traditional view governing relations and the inability to change the production method and the dependency of the Qajar government in creating challenges in textile and as a result the gradual decline of many textile branches and the unemployment of artisans. had. These findings indicate that getting rid of this situation depends on changing the production method, breaking dependence on the structure of the capitalist system, and paying attention to the introverted development model.
خلاصه ماشینی:
During this period, variables such as diversity in design, pattern, and color, price reduction compared to handmade products, changing tastes of different social classes, and the expansion of trade resulting from Europe's political and economic power, led to the prevalence and expansion of machine-made textiles, a decrease in the consumption of domestic products, and consequently, a recession in many branches of the domestic textile industry.
While at the beginning of Fath-Ali Shah's reign, production for domestic consumption and limited export of silk and woolen textiles was the focus of artisans and merchants, from the Naseri era onwards, expanding political and commercial relations with Europe and industrial transformations gradually left impacts on Iran's traditional textiles.
The research claim proves that transformations influenced by the Industrial Revolution, including production tools (machine production), diversity in design, pattern, and color, low prices, and suitability for the changing tastes of different classes, have been the most important factor in the decline of many branches of Qajar Iranian textiles.
The distinguishing feature of the present research is that the challenge of Qajar era textiles with Europe's industrial transformations, emphasizing the change in the mode of production (machine production), one of the most important topics in the economic history of Iran, has been examined based on dependency theory.
During this period, especially from the Naseri era onwards, the economy of Iran, in the shadow of dependency and influenced by the change in Europe's mode of production, experienced issues such as growth limitations, dependency, and an absolute increase in the number of various indicators (population, GDP, foreign trade) simultaneously with the decline in the people's standard of living, increased inflation, budget deficit, unemployment of artisans and industrialists, etc.
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