چکیده:
One of the main problems in the political structure of Qajarid government was the issue of succession and heir apparent. This issue made the government and country face crisis and civil war time and again. Although Agha Mohammad Khan's will and tribal customs were supposed to be admitted as a rule for choosing successors، it was never considered to be an accepted rule in political and official structure of the government as well as by the superior classes. This rule was established to let Qavanloo tribe stabilize and continue their kingdom، since they were the founder of the dynasty. The quarrel and fight among princess، the aggregation among court، bureaucrat and militaries as well as Russia and Britain's meddling were major factors in choosing successors. From time to time، these factors strengthened the crisis and caused civil war. Furthermore، the situation of Qajar's government and their foreign policy was weakened because of the foreigner penetration in choosing successors.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Qajar state considered the political doctrine of Agha Mohammad Khan as well as the Qajar tribal traditions as a rule in selecting the crown prince and successor to the Shah; however, factors such as foreign interference, the princes and their multiplicity, bureaucrats, military commanders, and even the women of the Shah's harem intervened in this matter and played an effective role.
Despite his many merits and being favored and attended to by the Shah, Mohammad Ali Mirza faced two major obstacles in attaining the Qajar crown principality: first, the political will of Agha Mohammad Khan, which had designated Abbas Mirza as the future crown prince of the Qajars, and based on this, the mother of the crown prince had to be from the Qajars; and second, a Turkic tribal tradition that emphasized the authenticity of the maternal lineage of the crown prince and the successor of the Shah (Malcolm, 1830: 318; Adod al-Dawla, 1736, Vol. 1: 045-145).
Zill al-Sultan, with the support of princes such as Ali Qoli Mirza Rokn al-Dawlah, who held the royal regalia and belongings, and Mirza Mohammad Jafar Kashani and Abu al-Hassan Khan Shirazi, and through the instigation of Abdollah Khan Amin al-Dawlah, ascended the throne in Tehran on 41 Rajab 1250 AH and named himself Ali Shah (Etemad al-Saltaneh, 1767: 024-124; Jahangir Mirza, 1732: 322-422; Sepehr, 1773, Vol. 1: 895-206; Simonch, 1853: 55, 36; Khoramouji, 1863: 32).
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