چکیده:
In this article, we examine the deletion of spatial prepositions before locative elements in the contemporary colloquial Persian variety of Tehran and compare two hypotheses regarding this matter. In the first hypothesis, the mere presence of semantic redundancy between the spatial preposition and the locative element is considered the factor enabling the deletion of the spatial preposition. In the second hypothesis, the deletion of spatial prepositions before locative elements depends on two factors: the existence of semantic overlap between the spatial prepositions and the locative elements, and also the semantic class of the verb. In support of the second hypothesis, we first demonstrate that the mere presence of semantic redundancy between spatial prepositions and locative elements cannot explain all cases of preposition deletion before locative elements. Then, using the views of Taylor and Evans (2007) and based on their tripartite semantic classification of spatial elements, we show that the possibility of deleting these prepositions before locative elements depends not only on the existence of semantic overlap between the spatial preposition and the subsequent locative element but also on the semantic class of the verb.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the framework of Talmy and Evans' views, we believe that in the Persian language, the spatial elements "be" (to), "bala" (up), and "payin" (down) are considered a semantic category based on the criterion of trajector orientation, while spatial elements such as "jolo" (front), "aghab" (back), "posht" (behind), "ruberu" (opposite), "ghabl" (before), "ba'd" (after), etc.
Figure Number 3: The proto-scene of the locative element "payin" (Talmy and Evans, 2007: 241) (refer to the page image) The proto-scene of the preposition "be" (to) in the Persian language is the result of a spatial relationship between an oriented trajector towards the landmark, which is shown in Figure 4.
In the framework of Talmy and Evans' views, among the locative elements that form a semantic category in the Persian language based on the orientation of the landmark relative to the trajector, one can mention "jolo" (front), "posht" (behind), "aghab" (back), etc.
Figure Number 8: The proto-scene of the locative elements "birun" and "kharej" (Talmy and Evans, 2007: 102) (refer to the page image) In this section, we have shown how, based on the framework of Talmy and Evans and using three semantic criteria—vertical axis, trajector orientation, and bounded landmark—spatial elements in the Persian language can be classified into three semantic categories.
Talmy and Evans, 2007) The preposition "be" (to) and the locative element "birun" (outside) belong to two different semantic categories based on the semantic criteria of orientation and bounded landmark, respectively.
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