چکیده:
Karamat is a supernatural act that emanates from saints. Discussions regarding these acts have been presented in mystical books from various aspects. By examining the causes of the emergence and prevalence of karamat, various functions can be attributed to them. The lifestyle and social position of the possessor of karamat, the conditions of his era, and the nature of his relationship with different social classes can be inferred from the type and theme of the karamat. In this article, the karamat of Khwaja Ubaydullah Ahrar are examined. Most of his karamat involve action and reaction. The criticism and review of these acts show that based on his personality traits, the principles of the Naqshbandi Sufi order, and the conditions of his era, Ahrar had extensive activities in political, social, and economic matters and thereby achieved a special position. Therefore, maintaining the aforementioned position through the punishment of transgressors is the major function of his karamat.
خلاصه ماشینی:
(Abu Nasr Siraj 1914:318-320) Karamat in Religion and Mystical Books In the Holy Quran, hadiths, and narrations, apart from mentioning the miracles of the prophets, reference is also made to extraordinary acts in the life stories of some saints and the righteous.
Functions of Karamat Apart from the fact that most intellectual groups have proven the possibility of karamat for the saint (wali) and, in this regard, have discussed the acquisition of the talent for karamat, the duty of the wali in manifesting or concealing it, its difference from other extraordinary acts, and topics of this nature, as mentioned, it should be known that "the backbone of Sufism is made by the theory of Wilayah (sainthood) makes it, and belief in karamat is the foundation and basis of the theory of Wilayah, just as in Shiism the theory of Imamate forms its primary foundation and miracles and karamat are necessities of Imamate; in the Wilayah of Sufism, karamat is also a mandatory matter" (Abu Said Abu al-Khayr 1385, Introduction: 49).
The source of the miracles examined in this article is the treatise "Khawariq-e Adat-e Ahrar" written by Mawlana Shaykh, which has been published as part of the book of the life and sayings of Khwaja Ubaydullah Ahrar, edited with an introduction and commentaries by Arif Nushahi8.
Ahwal wa Sukhanan-e Khwaja Ubaydullah Ahrar (including Malfuzat-e Ahrar written by Mir Abd al-Awwal Nishapuri, Malfuzat-e Ahrar (another collection), Ruqa'at-e Ahrar, Khawariq-e Adat-e Ahrar authored by Maulana Sheikh); edited with an introduction and comments by Arif Noshahi.
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