چکیده:
The aim of presenting this article is to provide a comprehensive, precise, scientific, and yet concise collection and summary of drug abuse prevention programs from the beginning until now. Although the science of preventing substance abuse has a very short history, it is highly sensitive due to the importance of the issue on one hand, and on the other hand, due to the science-based evolutionary stages of prevention. In this article, the authors have attempted to describe prevention approaches according to their historical progression and simultaneously discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. The presented approaches are, in order: awareness approach, emotional development, substitution, social influence, and the integrated approach of social influence and capacity building.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Of course, the results of these studies should not be interpreted to mean that awareness or information plays no role in prevention programs; rather, they emphasize the reality that multiple factors lead to substance abuse and also point out that to explain this phenomenon (substance abuse), we need approaches based on more complex models so that we can design prevention programs effectively.
The focus on these developmental components (social and personal development) is intended to overcome weaknesses that are believed to increase the risk of substance abuse include the cultivation of characteristics such as high self-esteem, personal insight, self-awareness, self-knowledge, responsible decision-making, improving interpersonal relationships through emotional communication training, peer counseling, increasing individuals' ability to fulfill personal needs through existing social institutions and organizations, etc.
What is considered an antibody in this approach is the creation of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in such a way that, in total, it increases individuals' ability to cope with persuasive messages from the social environment for substance use (Evans, eds.
Despite the fact that there is significant diversity regarding the methods used and the extent of their impact, in general, these studies have shown that the social influence approach is able to reduce substance use after the initial prevention intervention by approximately 3 to 5 percent reduce it.
Findings from studies that have used the general life skills training approach also indicate the effectiveness of these programs on other forms of substance use.
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