چکیده:
The preservation and maintenance of books and its methods, the factors damaging paper and leather, and their restoration are considered subjects of codicology. In fact, all elements related to the physics or the physical body of a manuscript fall within the scope of this science. Although the pathology and restoration of manuscripts are limited to academic and specialized centers, due to their practical nature, they are more extensive than other aspects of codicology. Generally, codicological research in Iran often has an empirical aspect and is very scattered and lacks methodology. Therefore, at the beginning, more attention must be paid to two categories: the classification of codicological topics and the definition of codicological terms. Here, we attempt to present an example of classification in the section of writing supports—leather—along with his method of defining vocabulary, adapting from the contemporary French codicologist, Denis Muzerelle. In this vocabulary, opposite the Persian word, its equivalent in French is provided, and then in order in Italian, Spanish, and finally in English. Whenever a suitable equivalent was not found in one of these languages, the symbol (***) was used instead.
خلاصه ماشینی:
parchemin: After removing hair and smoothing untanned skin (or skin with very superficial tanning), it is placed under tension and dried so that both sides become writable.
velin a)[In a specific sense] Parchment obtained from the skin of a stillborn (dead at birth) or very young calf.
A stillborn calf whose skin is used to make high-quality parchment.
Peau morte The superficial and outer layer of the skin, composed of anhydrous horny cells filled with pigment, which is removed during tanning.
Epidermis-Top layer Main skin, dermis 8.
Chorion The inner layer of the skin, mainly formed of elastic fibers that turn into leather or parchment after tanning.
This layer goes to the surface of the skin after finishing.
Cote fleur(!) The outer surface of the skin upon which the animal's hair is located.
Hair side - Grain side Flesh side, back of skin 19.
Pigmentation The natural color of the skin, which depends on the type of pigment cells in the deep layers of the skin and in the hair follicle.
Pigmentation - Natural coloring C-Skin 1.
Depouille a) Skin, before any operation is performed on it, in the same form as it is separated from the animal carcass.
Depou Separating the skin from the animal carcass.
) that are removed when separating the skin from the carcass, before tanning.
Parcheminer Making parchment from tanned or tawed skin.
Raser Removing hair from the surface of the skin.
To remove hairs, the skin is soaked in this solution.
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