چکیده:
In verses 616 to 680 of Mantiq al-Tayr, Attar has created a specific method in the use of symbols. In this section, which consists of 65 verses, he engages in dialogue with thirteen birds. The dialogue with each bird is presented in five verses, and within each five-verse segment, there is a three-part structure in which a bird, a prophet, and an antagonist (anti-hero) are seen. The bird is used in the concepts of bird (tayr), seeker (salik), and soul; the prophet in the concepts of prophet (nabi), wali (saint), and pir (spiritual guide); and the antagonist in the dictionary sense of the words nafs (ego/self) and body. These three concepts remain constant throughout all thirteen parts. In Mantiq al-Tayr, attention is also paid to the symbolic role of numbers, and the poet emphasizes the symbolism of certain specific numbers several times.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The triple execution mentioned above, each of which contains the following symbolic meanings: Bird: 1- The dictionary meaning of the word (tayr) 2- Seeker (salik) 3- Soul Prophet: 1- The dictionary meaning of the word (rasul) 2- Friend of God (wali) 3- Elder (pir) Negative character: 1- The dictionary meaning of the word (...
) Now we will recite each of the thirteen parts separately and identify their symbols and multiple meanings based on the three-part structure mentioned above: First Part: Marhaba, O hoopoe, having become a guide#In the path, a messenger for every valley has become O you whose journey to the borders of Sheba is pleasant#With Solomon, your Mantiq al-Tayr is pleasant You have come as the master of Solomon's head#You have come from pride, a crowned one Hold the demon in bonds and prison#So that you may be the confidant of Solomon When you put the demon in prison#You will intend joy with Solomon (Attar 1368:612-620) In this part, the hoopoe is used in three meanings: 1-the bird known as shaneh-be-sar 2-seeker (salik) 3-soul; Solomon in the sense of 1-the second king and prophet of the Israelites 2-friend of God (wali) 3-elder (pir); and the demon in the sense of 1-a legendary ill-behaved creature 2-ego (nafs) 3-body (jism).
Footnotes 1-In this article, all poems of Mantiq al-Tayr are quoted from the corrected version by Sayyid Sadiq Goharīn, and in-text references are based on verse numbers, for example (Attar 1368: verses-61-65).
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