چکیده:
People of Truth believe that asceticism (Zuhd) and piety (Wara') or righteousness are two stations of spiritual conduct. In lexicography, Zuhd means becoming uninterested (Dehkhoda Dictionary: under the word). Relying on verse 86 of Surah 11 of the Holy Quran, which states: "Baqiyatullah khayrun lakum" (What Allah has left for you is better), the People of Truth identify asceticism with the same semantic load of lack of desire in three things: the world, creation, and the self. Wara' or piety also means becoming cautious and avoiding in lexicography, and in mystical terminology, it means abstaining and refraining from whatever is not pleasing. Therefore, the asceticism of the pious is an avoidance of all three levels of asceticism. In this article, in addition to examining these two stations, by stating the difference of opinions among mystics regarding whether these two are antecedent or subsequent, we reflect on the thought of the great poet, Bidel Dehlavi, regarding these two mystical terms in his Divan. The similarity or difference in the semantic load of his words regarding asceticism and piety compared to pure mystical texts prior to the poet's time and the reasons for it, are among the other matters addressed in this writing.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Asceticism and Piety Dr. Soheila Mousavi Sirjani Assistant Professor, Faculty of Teacher Training, Islamic Azad University - South Tehran Branch O ascetic, no one informed you of the wine from the jug This is a matter that must be taken upon one's shoulders Abstract People of Truth believe that asceticism (Zuhd) and piety (Wara') or righteousness are two stations among the stations of spiritual path (Suluk).
-The ascetic is deceitful: Despite all ignorance, if you ask about the ascetic and his deceit#Samiri's spell is not suitable for our calf The ascetic's deceit is the heading of the lesson of leadership for fools#Samiri teaches falsehood to the calf (Ibid:166 and 89) -The ascetic is self-conceited: Bidil, what magic is this, that these self-conceited ascetics#Have laughed at us in the mirror before us To the eye of the self-conceited ascetic, what use is antimony or dust#For he is empty of the sight of truth, like one without kohl The side of Truth is bestowed upon them, removing it from the effort and acquisition of the servant; however, the second group of mystics, by placing the station of piety (wara') before asceticism (zuhd), believe that effort, which manifests in the form of avoidance regarding the world and its affairs, leads to detachment and reaching the station of asceticism.
" (Qushayri 1385:167) The important point is that if asceticism precedes piety, it is as if the view of people like Khwaja Abdullah Ansari expresses the existence of a grace (karamah) that manifests as detachment in the chosen ones of Truth, driving them to avoid the world, material things, and whatever leads back to them; meaning, the condition for reaching asceticism and piety is a grace that from is that he refrains from all ambiguities, just as Ibrahim Adham said that piety is refraining from all ambiguities and refraining from what is of no use to you, which was the abandonment of excesses.
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