Support for victims and civil society organizations مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

Research conducted, such as the study by Mackay and Moody, 23 reported supports for community mediation 24 for resolving neighborhood disputes, while Zender 25 claims that such institutions provide the interests of all members [involved in a dispute] as well as society on a broader scale at least as much as, and in some cases better than, the traditional criminal justice system. Regarding the usefulness of reparation schemes and whether projects based on them have been welcomed by victims in different parts of the country or not, the following content appears in the third edition of the original text but has been removed from the new text, which is quoted verbatim for further awareness and utilization: "The 1990 White Paper questions whether reparation benefits the offender more than the victim and rejects the official and administrative use of reparation by courts through orders because [in their view] the choice of an appropriate punishment should not be influenced by the victim's decision to accept reparation. An indirect method of reparation exists in the form of community [social] service orders [which is established by sections 14-17 of the Criminal Courts Act Amendment 1973) whereby the offender performs useful work for the public, especially for victims. [Of course] there is one exception: in cases of serious sexual offenses or violent crimes, the Probation Service is currently required to inform the victim of the release of the perpetrator (National Standards for Supervision and Guidance of Offenders in the Community, 2000).