چکیده:
The present writing aims to investigate, based on a survey research, the effect of individual and social characteristics on the level of social participation of women, as one of the main factors affecting development. The statistical population of the research consists of women aged 61 and older living in the city of Kerman, from whom a sample of 300 people was selected using random sampling. The research tool is a questionnaire, and social participation has been examined in two dimensions: formal and informal. After formulating hypotheses using Parsons' theory of social action, descriptive statistics methods and significance tests were used for data analysis. Findings show that the level of women's social participation in the informal dimension is higher than their participation in the formal dimension; also, characteristics such as altruism, hope for the future, wisdom, education, evaluation of the benefits of participation, and the participation of family members have a direct and significant relationship with the level of women's social participation.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the research of Shaditaleb and Kamali (1983) as well, by confirming the low level of women's participation (in Iran and Tehran), it has been specified that when discussing successful participation, effective variables, and the relationships arising from them, gender is considered an effective variable: Individual inclination + Gender + Legal institution of the prepared society - Successful participation Given the above discussions, how to establish and institutionalize public participation, especially women's participation in social affairs, arises as an important issue, which can be addressed by identifying the factors affecting women's participation, recognizing the obstacles and problems, and removing these obstacles, thereby creating the necessary platforms and contexts for this matter.
Hypotheses Inspired by and utilizing the theoretical approaches presented in this article, and to explain the social participation of women in the city of Kerman, the main hypotheses of the research have been presented within a theoretical framework, using Parsons' theory and based on the variables of universalism, activism, rationality, hope for the future: level of education, marital status, awareness of facilities and conditions for participation, evaluation of the benefits of participation, and participation of family members: 1- The level of women's social participation is related to characteristics such as universalism, activism, and rationality; the more these characteristics are present in women, the more their level of social participation increases.
Table 5- Frequency distribution according to the level of total, formal, and informal social participation (Refer to the page image) Another issue examined in this research is the level of individuals' participation in various types of activities, and the results showed that the women under study participate more in religious activities.
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