چکیده:
Human need for shelter and refuge has been noted since ancient times, not only in cities but also during travel. In the land of Iran, from a very distant past, traces and manifestations of such shelters and roadside rest areas can be seen, many of which can be considered architectural and artistic masterpieces of their era in terms of construction methods. During the Islamic era, the creation of such buildings with various characteristics in cities, villages, desert edge roads, and mountain passes expanded under different names such as 'Robat' and 'Caravanserai'. The construction of caravanserais in Iran has a very long history, and according to this country's historical sources, it has been innovative and a pioneer in the construction of caravanserais as well as communication systems. Generally, the transformation and expansion of Iran's caravanserais in different eras depended on social, economic, religious, etc., conditions, and their formation and development were related to the aforementioned factors.
خلاصه ماشینی:
During the Islamic era, the creation of such buildings with various characteristics in cities, villages, desert edge roads, and mountain passes under different names such as "Robat" and "Caravanserai" has been expanding and developing.
In the book "Rah va Robat" we read: Sabat: This word, which has spread to almost all Eastern, Western, Aramaic, Iranian, Frankish, and Arabic languages and has ancient roots in the languages of Iran, including Persian, consists of its first part "Sa" meaning comfort/ease, and its second part suffix "bat" representing building, structure, settlement, and mansion.
1 In the book "The Art of Iran," authored by André Gsellin, we read about the word Robat (Ribat): "Ribat or Ribat was initially a type of fortress and garrison built at the border points of Islam, serving both religious and military purposes at the same time.
In the Islamic eras, several factors were involved in the shaping, development, and expansion of caravanserais, the most important of which are religious, military, and economic factors; in this connection, various types of caravanserais emerged in terms of their plans.
"1 Early Islamic dynasties in Iran, such as the Buyids, Samanids, and Ziyarids, gave extraordinary importance to the creation of public utility buildings, such as caravanserais and water cisterns; "Robat Chah" or "Mahi" next to the Mashhad-Serakhs road, which was built in a four-iwan style, is among the monuments of that time.
Foreign tourists and travelers who traveled to Iran during the Safavid era with political views and ideas recorded interesting descriptions and images of the caravanserais of that period in their travelogues, and they used those caravanserais much like modern-day hotels.
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