چکیده:
In 1905, one year before the Constitutional Revolution, an obscure Iranian intellectual named Hossein Ali Tajer Shirazi—who was a product of the Indian cultural environment, or in other words, a product of the Eastern sphere of Iranian intellectualism—wrote a collection titled Mikadonameh. This book was a poetic history of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), but at its core, it also contained the intellectual foundations of the author and his perspective on the internal affairs of Iran, the region, and the world; a perspective that can be considered an identifier of the political thought of a segment of Iran's intellectual movements in the nineteenth century. With this introduction, I wish to inform you that the present article is an attempt to recognize the political and social thought of the author of Mikadonameh as a nineteenth-century Iranian intellectual. However, before addressing this subject, it is necessary, in order to create a suitable background for entering the main discussion, to have a brief look at the geographical dispersion of Iranian intellectuals in the nineteenth century.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Where was Japan in those few years When no one even asked how it was In the world, it had no name or fame If it existed, it was in a dormant state When you awoke from the sleep of negligence You became full of strength and capability They snatched the ball of precedence from the West In times of peace and in times of war The Westerners, in every accent, in peace and in grudge Read a thousand praises upon it On this basis, they benefited from their science So that that worthless soil became valuable (Ibid, 94) He considered it the result of "European politics" (of course, Europe minus England).
Two hundred years it has been since England Became fully present in India He taught knowledge to all the people He mended all their rags He brought them out from their savagery He brought them into the city of civilization He trained and educated much He laid the foundation of the state on justice and wisdom (Ibid, 36) Shirazi's view of the group of European countries was not a positive one.
Whichever city finds a spirit it likes Its sovereignty becomes without harm When constitutionalism became the foundation of sovereignty It increased the essence of sovereignty Through constitutionalism, Japan became great That it became dominant over a formidable enemy Through constitutionalism, the government of England Is seated upon every point of soil It has become so enduring among the people That constitutionalism is the condition of justice and fairness (Ibid, 116) The social thought of the author of Mikado-nameh was based on the principle of "social justice," as he considered the survival of the state and the progress of a society to be conditional upon the observance of this principle.
(
, 
, 
)
