خلاصه ماشینی:
One of the features of this book is the negation of common archaic interpretations that consider the history of Iran to be entirely the biography of political leaders and the story of their displacement, trivializing deep-rooted social transformations and the dynamics and movements of the past hundred years, or using "Islam" and a static, non-analytical interpretation of it as the primary basis for explaining movements and events.
It would have been appropriate for the author, in this article, to examine the concept of social democracy, taking into account the transformation of its semantic load in our time, to evaluate its positive or negative role in the process of forming democratic ideals and institutions in Iranian society, and to delve into the relationship between social democracy and the opportunity for establishing political democracy.
Undoubtedly, deep-seated dissatisfactions in Azerbaijan and Kurdistan had provided the ground for popular movements, but without the active presence and effective assistance of the Soviet forces that occupied those two regions, and without the existence of those who were ready to cooperate with Soviet authorities and follow them, the two Democratic parties and the two autonomous governments would not have had the opportunity to emerge or expand.
Many leftist groups in Iran, several years before the recent revolution, considered supporting "the masses"—meaning fueling the ethnic and national sentiments of various elements of Iranian society—to be completely consistent with the effort to achieve a classless society, perhaps based on the flimsy notion that an ideal society would be free from class distinctions and not from broad ethnic affiliations.