An Introduction to Research Methods in Political Science: Examining the Concept of Research مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

In the present article - regardless of the existing disagreements regarding the methodology of research in political science - we aim to introduce a practical method for research in political sciences, based on the common principles governing various perspectives. In scientific research, as mentioned, the work begins by posing a question; based on their expertise and information, the researcher considers one or more temporary answers to their question (hypotheses), then tries to test the validity of their hypothesis with the help of collecting necessary data and information. Difference between Study and Research Currently, some people unconsciously use the word research in cases that cause misunderstanding; meaning that in some cases, they call the transcription of some pages of one or several books and arranging them next to each other research; whereas research is a complex process that includes a regular set of specific actions along with the application of special techniques in order to answer a specific question. From this perspective, historical research describes what has existed; in other words, this type of research includes the examination, recording, analysis, and interpretation of past events so that with its help, the researcher, while recognizing the past, achieves an understanding of the current situation and, to some extent, the prediction of the future situation. 71 In other words, Duverger believes that conducting research using the scientific method includes two stages: Observation and analysis.