چکیده:
The Caspian Sea is a closed sea that, according to the 1921 and 1940 agreements, was managed as common property between Iran and the Soviet Union. Since 1991, following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the situation in the Caspian has also changed, and three new countries have emerged in this region. With the increase in the number of Caspian region countries, the conditions governing this sea have also changed, creating new opportunities for the presence of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Caspian region. Before that, due to the presence of the Soviet Union on Iran's northern borders and the closed nature of that government, communication in northern Iran with its northern neighbor was very weak. However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, with the liberation of Muslim nations from the grip of communism and their inclination towards Islam on one hand, and the existence of religious, historical, linguistic, etc., commonalities with the Islamic Republic of Iran on the other, new conditions for convergence in the region were created. This proximity of countries from various aspects has enabled countries to achieve convergence in economic fields within the region. However, from a military perspective, the conditions are somewhat different, which of course requires an active policy by the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Caspian region so that it can have the ability to influence the region as a regional power.
خلاصه ماشینی:
With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Islamic Republic of Iran, which in its north was only neighbors with this republic, became neighbors with five new countries (Azerbaijan-Turkmenistan-Russia-Kazakhstan-Armenia), where except for Armenia in the west of the Caspian Sea, the four new neighbors all have common maritime borders with Iran in the Caspian basin.
Now, after nearly two decades since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of Iran's importance in the Caspian region, although better grounds for creating convergence in this area have emerged, on the other hand, divergent factors with Iran have also increased in the two areas of Central Asia and the Caucasus.
The most important issues that strengthen the grounds for convergence in the Caspian region after the collapse of the Soviet Union are: 1-The existence of common historical, cultural, religious, and linguistic issues among the countries of the Caspian region: The Republic of Azerbaijan in the west of the Caspian has shown a greater inclination toward Iran in this regard.
Although in the field of energy resources, the West led by the United States has somewhat taken this opportunity from Iran and by transferring Caspian oil and gas to the Black Sea side on the coasts of Turkey, it has practically diminished Iran's chances, however, Iran is engaged in energy exchange with Turkmenistan in the region under the title of the swap scheme, and it is expected that these exchanges will also increase given the superior position of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region, and in fact, the countries of the region, by cooperating with each other and with lower costs and higher profits, will benefit from the safest and shortest route for transferring this energy.
(
, 
, 
)
