چکیده:
Utilizing the functionalist theory in political sociology, this writing attempts to answer the main question: To what extent have the civil characteristics of the clergy institution played a role in the formation and victory of the Islamic Revolution? It does so through three discourses titled: an analysis of the social role and class position of the clergy, a review of the civil characteristics of the clergy institution, and evidence of the confrontation of the clergy as a civil institution with the Pahlavi regime. Explaining the political role of the clergy in the form of a civil institution in the process of the victory of the Islamic Revolution, apart from the religious-belief and social-cultural functions of the clergy such as judgment, education and training, endowments and charitable affairs, marriage and divorce, constitutes the most important goal of this writing.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Explaining the political role of the clergy in the form of a civil institution in the process of the victory of the Islamic Revolution, apart from the religious-doctrinal and socio-cultural functions of the clergy such as adjudication, education and training, endowments and charitable affairs, marriage and divorce, constitutes the more important goal of this writing.
In other words, apart from the religious and doctrinal dimensions of the Islamic Revolution event and the role of the clergy in that regard, where does the position of the clerics' opposition and protest against the Shah's regime stand as a class and in the form of a civil institution?
Aside from the long-lasting spiritual and effective influence of the Shiite clergy in Iran, various other factors, which are indeed their civil characteristics, are also of great importance; regarding this, the author of the book "Iranian Intellectuals and the West" writes: "The attainment of political power by the clergy in Bahman 1357 can be considered the offspring of the following relative advantages: financial independence from the state, powerful communication networks, the existence of skilled preachers and eulogists, the multiplicity of legal centers such as (mosques, seminaries, Islamic associations, and charitable foundations), numerous religious occasions, benefiting from historical-mythical figures, populist slogans, financial support from the bazaar, centralized leadership with a hierarchical structure, utilization of a political action plan, and the helpful application that the government placed at the feet of the clergy to counter leftist forces" (Boroujerdi, 421:1358).
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