The Manifestation of the City in Western Literature مقاله

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(Refer to the page image) The Manifestation of the City in Western Literature Tony Tanner The origins of modern art and literature are cities. The following text is a short article by Tony Tanner titled "City," which has been translated into Persian and published in the valuable book "The Culture of Critical Thought. Wordsworth had already come to realize that his 'great city' was producing a new type of existence, perhaps a new type of person: How much has, in crowded streets, with the mass of people, occurred, I have said to myself: 'The face of every passerby is a mystery!'\ (Preface, Book VII) Edgar Allan Poe has previously stated this point memorably in 'The Man of the Crowd,' the first story from the collection of urban disorders that became a fundamental text for Walter Benjamin. In the Futurist Manifesto of 1909, for the first time, the city was introduced as the prominent theme of modern literature and painting; and it was Marinetti who noted: 'Rural life is a (Refer to the page image) narrative life... (Refer to the page image) Although the various perspectives of the cultural background of the modern city are relatively identifiable and describable; this city, a multifaceted, shapeless, incoherent, and constantly expanding and flowing city, poses new issues regarding representation. Of course, artists also created their own cities, and this is the very point Henry James referred to: "Building a pure Rome out of words, speaking of one's own Rome, which was not the Rome of reality...