Russia and the Suspension of Participation in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe: A Legal Critique and Assessment مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

htm Russia and the Suspension of Participation in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe: A Legal Critique and Evaluation Author: Dr. Nader Saed Introduction The Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe was concluded in 1990 between the member states of two contemporary regional military organizations (Warsaw Pact and NATO), and with the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact, an agreement was concluded in 1999 in Istanbul to amend it; however, this document has not become enforceable due to its failure to be ratified by most governments, including NATO members. For this reason, and despite the non-implementation of the aforementioned article and based on Clause (J) 1 of the Protocol on Provisional Implementation, the final negotiation document regarding the "reduction" of the strengthening of personnel of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, known as "CFE-I", was signed by the parties on July 1, 1992, so that the member states could take the necessary national measures to reduce the volume of their ground forces91 within the framework of the treaty's objectives. 52 In any case, the obstacles to the implementation of the CFE Treaty amending agreement date back to the end of the last century; however, by not changing the positions of other states—meaning remaining alone among the group of 53 states that had signed the text of this agreement—the Russians have sought to compensate for the strategic transformations in the European region and the Western onslaught, including NATO expansion as well as unilateral US actions near Russia's borders in Eastern Europe.