Arches, Fore and Aft, and Historical Buildings of Khuzestan مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

Fore-and-aft Arches and Historical Buildings of Khuzestan Ahmad Eghtedari The shell-like dome style or circular domes, which are prevalent today in the central and eastern regions of Iran and have become widespread in the roofs of other water cisterns, cellars, and prayer halls (shabestans) using short arched vaults, is a Khuzi, meaning Khuzestani, style whose antiquity dates back to the second millennium BC based on scientific archaeological excavations in this region. Even today, in all the cities of Khuzestan and even in the villages of this land, the entrance iwans of buildings, the arches of halls and prayer halls, and the vaults of covered spaces are skillfully constructed using "fore-and-aft arches," which is an ancient indigenous architectural tradition of Khuzestan; numerous examples can be seen in Dezful, Shushtar, Shush, Behbahan, Ahvaz, and other parts of Khuzestan. Mohammad Karim Pirnia, in the article "Iran's Gifts to the World: Architect 'Janagh and Kalil'" and in his research on the underground sanctuary of Chogha Zanbil, noticed the importance of the invention and innovation of Elamite or pre-Elamite, meaning Khuzi, architects in this style of vaulting and wrote: "In the remains of this sanctuary, various traces of chafdahs and portal coverings can be seen, which have survived in our indigenous architecture to this day, and several types of them seem to have been models that Iranian architects had in mind during different eras. In the book Al-Tafhim by Abu Rayhan Biruni and in the book Farkhnameh by Abu Bakr Mutahhar Jamali Yazdi, the astronomical sign of the star Mercury is in the shape of a mountain goat's horn or in the form of the letter Dal in Persian and Arabic script.