چکیده:
The Winter Olympic Games are a part of the Olympic Games and, compared to the Summer Games, undergo a new era and hold less social and economic importance than the Summer Games. Some researchers attribute less credibility and importance to the Winter Games and consider them inconsistent with the idea of the universality of the Olympics. Therefore, the value of the universality of the Olympics in the Winter Games is accompanied by much doubt. On the other hand, historical investigation shows that professionalism in these games has grown and expanded significantly, and on the other hand, the possibility for all or many countries to participate in these games is not provided. Winter games require specific geographical, environmental, and atmospheric conditions. Countries that do not have long winters, heavy snowfall, and suitable uneven terrain do not have a chance to participate in these games, generalize them, or expand them. Therefore, many European and North American countries, due to their geographical and economic conditions, have monopolized these games. Changing the strategy and policymaking of the organization of the Winter Olympic Games and the World Federation can be helpful in this regard. Redefining and reclassifying the Winter and Summer Games, as well as examining the economic issues of the Winter Games, will also play a significant role in realizing Olympism.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Olympism and the Winter Olympics Rahim Ramazaninejad Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan Contents: Abstract 47 History of the Winter Olympics 48 Coubertin and the Winter Games 49 Avery Brundage and the Winter Games 50 Natural and Social Backgrounds of the Winter Games 52 The Future of the Winter Olympic Games 53 Sources and References 55 Abstract: The Winter Olympic Games are a part of the Olympic Games and, compared to the Summer Games, undergo a new era and hold less social and economic importance than the Summer Games.
Keywords: 1-Winter Olympics 2-Amateurism 3-Universality 4-Climatic and economic conditions History of the Winter Olympics One of the first international sports federations was the International Skating Union1; because skating had expanded greatly in Europe and even a special place had been created in the summer season for this winter sport.
In the 1894 meeting, the International Olympic Committee decided to include skating as one of the sports in the Olympic Games program, but there was no possibility of its implementation in the first Olympiad (1896, Athens).
However, consultations with countries such as Austria, Switzerland, Canada, and Germany forced the International Olympic Committee to include winter sports in the games program.
Ultimately, the International Olympic Committee was faced with two logical solutions: adapting the Olympic idea to the changed conditions of new sports, or removing the Winter Games.
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