چکیده:
In the early years of 1960s، Schultz and Denison introduced the concept of human capital. Since then economists have analyzed the role of human capital on various economic variables. Education، experiment، and health are three main dimensions of human capital among which education is considered as the most important one. The educational dimension of human capital is known as educational attainment. In this paper، after introducing different indexes، which have been used for educational attainment، we argue that average years of schooling is the most important index of educational attainment. By reviewing Barro’s method for calculating average years of schooling، and implementing essential changes needed for consistency with the Iranian educational system and the data، we develope a method for calculating the average years of schooling in Iran. We calculate average years of schooling of men and women، and also for four educational levels (elementary، guidance، secondary and higher education) for the period 1961 to 2001.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Given the points stated in this section, it can be said that indicators such as enrollment rates, the number of students, and educational expenditures are actually indicators of the flow type in the production process of educational attainment; and this is in contrast to the literacy rate, the number of specialists, engineers, and similar metrics, which, like the mean years of schooling indicator, are stock-type indicators.
Therefore, while explaining Barro's cross-sectional method in calculating the average years of schooling, by applying the necessary adjustments to his method to be compatible with the unique characteristics of the Iranian educational system and also the relevant educational data, a pattern for calculating the time series of this indicator in Iran is developed, and we calculate the average years of schooling for the population aged 15 and older during the period 1961-2001.
Once the proportion of the population in each of the various levels of educational attainment is determined, he calculates the average years of schooling data from equation (9).
On the other hand, Tables (1) to (5) and Charts (4) to (7) present, respectively, the average years of primary, high school, and university education for the population aged 15 and above during the period 1340-1380.
Average years of secondary school education for the population aged 15 and above (Refer to page image) Chart-6.
Given Barro's method, we require two categories of information: one, the primary level of educational attainment (which is extracted from census data), and the other, the enrollment rate (the annual statistics of which are provided through the aforementioned institutions).
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