چکیده:
In this research, using theoretical foundations and fundamental concepts, examining the supervisory mechanisms of banks in developed and less developed economic countries, as well as theories and regulations provided in international forums such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Basel Committee, etc., criteria for identifying the health and stability of banks have been identified. Through the implementation of a reconnaissance plan and targeted study and observation of evidence and documents from ten state-owned banks over twelve years, research data were collected. The research hypotheses were formulated and tested in the form of assessing the presence or absence of a statistically significant relationship among sixty-eight defined financial ratios in the field of seven essential factors affecting the assessment of bank health and stability. The seven essential factors tested include capital adequacy, asset quality and bank financial structure, management stability and sustainability, profitability, liquidity, operational sensitivity to market risk, and other essential criteria. The research results show that these seven factors are effective in assessing the health and stability of banks in the Iranian banking environment; however, their ranking and importance differ from developed countries. Furthermore, the ranking of ten Iranian state-owned banks in terms of bank health and stability over a ten-year period, based on financial ratios and economic variables in the field of each of the seven essential factors, indicates significant fluctuations between banks and within each bank between consecutive years. Based on the research findings, specific suggestions for improving the situation have been provided.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The result of efforts made at the level of different countries of the world to achieve a set of quantitative criteria for assessing the health and stability of banks, financial intermediaries, and other pillars of the financial system—which is in fact the main result of imposing supervision on the financial sector, utilizing the experiences and professional knowledge of financial experts, and their years of planned efforts—can be summarized and presented in the form of quantitative criteria representing capital adequacy, asset quality and the financial structure of the bank, management stability and sustainability, profitability, liquidity, operational sensitivity to market risk, and other essential criteria.
Research Methodology and Hypotheses In order to provide a favorable context for assessing the status of stability and sustainability of banks and financial intermediaries active in the country's banking system environment and ultimately ranking them, and also, for precision in the fundamental and practical objectives resulting from the implementation of the research effort, the research questions and hypotheses have been formulated and presented in the form of measuring the presence or absence of a statistically significant relationship between the financial ratios defined in the areas of capital adequacy; asset quality and bank financial structure, management stability and sustainability, profitability, liquidity, sensitivity of operations to market risk, and other essential criteria with the phenomenon of bank health and stability in Iran.
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