چکیده:
The present research, which was conducted with the aim of investigating and explaining the efforts made in the field of conceptualization of moral character; It is a systematic review that was done using the library review method. To carry out the research, Farsi and English keywords of moral character, ethics, and character virtues were searched in well-known databases from 1970 to 2023, and 38 articles were extracted. Thirty-two articles were selected based on the criteria of the degree of connection with the research topic, the credibility of the authors, and the publishing journal, and the rest were discarded. The findings showed that moral psychologists had examined personality traits related to moral behavior in recent years to predict moral behavior. Following the recent orientations, various models have emerged under different titles but with the same theme of moral character. Among the models of moral character, the three-component model of Cohen and colleagues (2014) seems to be the one that conceptualizes moral character in the form of a multifaceted structure, including motivational, ability and identity components; it should be more comprehensive in determining and conceptualizing the constituent components and mechanisms of an ethical character. The findings of this study research can be effective both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the personality antecedents of ethical and unethical behavior have been interpreted. In addition, from the practical point of view, these findings can help psychologists interested in this field to evaluate moral character. In addition, the present research findings can effectively determine the appropriate criteria during the selection and recruitment of organizations.
خلاصه ماشینی:
. Table 1: Classification of character strengths and traits related to each of them Thinking about new and productive ways to do things Interest in current experiences Thinking about different things and examining them from various aspects Mastery of new skills, subjects, and knowledge Ability to provide wise counsel to others Speaking the truth and presenting oneself in an authentic way Not backing down in the face of threat, crisis, problem, or pain Finishing tasks Tendency to live with excitement and energy Doing kindness and good deeds for others Valuing close relationships with others Awareness of one's own motivations and emotions and those of others Behaving with people according to the concepts of fairness and justice Organizing group activities and supervising their implementation Functioning well as a member of a group or team Forgiving those who have made mistakes Instead of talking about one's own achievements, allowing them to be expressed and manifest themselves Carefulness in one's choices, not saying something or doing something that will later cause regret Regulating what one feels and does Attention to and appreciation of beauty, excellence, and/or skillful performance in all areas of life Being aware of and grateful for good events Expecting the best and striving to achieve it Liking to laugh and joke, bringing a smile to the faces of others Having coherent beliefs about the purpose and higher meaning of life Quoted from the Values in Action Inventory; adapted from Lopez (2011) and Park and Peterson (2009) with slight changes In the field of personality psychology, various classifications of personality traits have also been presented; for example, according to Cloninger's view (1994, Cloninger), personality traits are divided into two categories: temperament and character.
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