چکیده:
The International Monetary Fund is an international institution that was established with the aim of providing management and supervision of the international financial and monetary system at the Bretton Woods Conference (1944). Initially, only 54 countries accepted its membership, but currently, 188 countries are members of this institution. Based on the Fund's first articles of agreement, which were drafted in 1944, the duties of the Fund were announced as improving international monetary cooperation, providing the possibility for global trade growth, improving exchange rate stability, and helping to create a multilateral payment system. In fact, the main concern of this research is to answer this question: How is the evolution of the role of the International Monetary Fund in the global economy? How have the institutional changes in the organization of the International Monetary Fund been, and what impact have crises had on the policy approaches of this organization? The research findings emphasize this hypothesis: due to changes in the global economy, the Fund has transformed from an international monetary institution into an international financial institution that has a wider scope of activity. Initially, the Fund was only responsible for ensuring stability in the fixed exchange rate system. Now, given its half-century of experience, the Fund also bears other duties, including ensuring stability in the international payment system and stability in financial markets. In its six decades of activity, the International Monetary Fund has experienced many structural changes, and the importance of this institution has seen many ups and downs. During times of crisis, this institution has always been able to regain its importance and adjust its goals according to the changing conditions of the global economy. In such a way that during stable periods, even the existence of this institution has been met with doubt, but with the occurrence of a crisis in a corner of the world, this institution has been able to revive its position stronger than before.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Based on the Fund's first articles of association, which were drafted in 1944, improving international monetary cooperation, providing the possibility for global trade growth, improving exchange rate stability, and assisting in the creation of a multilateral payment system were announced as the duties of the Fund.
Based on the Fund's first articles of association, which were drafted in 1944, improving international monetary cooperation, providing the possibility for global trade growth, improving exchange rate stability, and assisting in the creation of a multilateral payment system were announced as the duties of the Fund.
In its six decades of activity, the International Monetary Fund has experienced many structural changes, and the importance of this institution has seen many ups and downs; however, during times of crisis, this institution has always been able to regain its importance and adjust its goals in accordance with the changing conditions of the global economy.
The primary objective of the Fund was to deal with competition in devaluing national currencies, provide short-term financial assistance to resolve temporary imbalances in the balance of payments, and form an international economic institution like the United Nations.
In order to reduce the risk of financial crises, while cooperating with member governments and other effective private and international organizations, the Fund has emphasized strengthening and deepening the regulatory legal framework and the supervisory framework for banks, reviewed the minimum capital requirements for banks and financial institutions, expanded and developed a set of basic international accounting standards, finalized a set of guiding principles for state-owned enterprises, warned countries about choosing exchange rate regimes susceptible to speculative attacks, and ensured free and open access to financial market information.
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