چکیده:
From the founding of the United Nations until 2015, many countries have been placed under sanctions by the Security Council based on Chapter VII of the Charter. The increase in the imposition of sanctions by the Security Council has caused growing concern regarding the damages inflicted on the citizens of sanctioned countries. Research conducted regarding the effects of sanctions in countries such as Iraq, Haiti, Libya, and Iran indicates that these sanctions have led to a severe increase in child mortality, the spread of poverty, migration, shortages of food and medicine, and other social and economic instabilities. Consequently, extensive debates have arisen within and outside the United Nations regarding criticism of Security Council sanctions, as well as the Council's responsibility for human rights violations, particularly the second generation of human rights of citizens. In this article, the human rights dimensions of charter sanctions on the second generation are examined. In the author's opinion, due to their severe negative impacts on target countries, Security Council sanctions lead to gross human rights violations in terms of compliance with human rights norms, especially economic and social rights. While the United Nations Charter commits the organization to 'promoting and respecting human rights,' the imposition of economic sanctions by the Security Council constitutes a violation of the Charter's provisions and holds the Council responsible for the violation of human rights.
خلاصه ماشینی:
An Ethical Look at Charter Sanctions, Considering Their Legal Impacts on the Second Generation of Human Rights Hossein Akhavan Seyyed Baqer Mirabbasi Abumohammad Asgar-khani Abstract Since the establishment of the United Nations until 2015, many countries have been placed under sanctions by the Security Council based on Chapter VII of the Charter.
Since the Security Council, which is considered one of the main organs of the United Nations, violates the human rights of the citizens of sanctioned countries by implementing economic sanctions.
- Bossuyt's report to the Sub-Commission titled "The negative consequences of economic sanctions on the enjoyment of human rights" in 2010 (Bossuyt, 2010:7), In the research field outside the United Nations, several researchers specializing in sanctions matters, including Elizabeth Gibbons and Richard Garfield, stated in their research on the effects of sanctions on the people of Haiti that sanctions in Haiti led to "widespread violations of the human rights of Haitian citizens" (Gibbons and Garfield, 1999: 1499-504)).
This Committee in no way intends to question the necessity of imposing sanctions in appropriate cases based on Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter or other relevant international law, but those principles of the Charter that are related to human rights (Articles 1, 55 and 56) must be taken into consideration so that sanctions can be applied".
The lack of legal legitimacy of such sanctions has two consequences: the non-obligation of countries to comply with these sanctions and the creation of international responsibility for the United Nations and the Security Council regarding the violation of human rights.
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