چکیده:
Most jurists hold that the primary rule is the lack of respect for the life of a disbeliever. From their perspective, if a disbeliever is not a Dhimmi, they are Harbi, and if they are not a Mu'ahid or Musta'min, their blood is permissible to shed, even if they are neutral. The present research, by reviewing Quranic evidence, attempts to clarify the general view of the Quran regarding two famous and non-famous perspectives. In this regard, first, based on the context of the verses and contemplating whether the verses are real (Haqiqiyyah) or metaphorical (Majaziyyah), the initial meaning of the verses is clarified. Then, by explaining the relationship between these two sets of verses, it is concluded that the correct view is the respect for the life of a neutral disbeliever.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi does not consider the division of the original disbeliever into Dhimmi and Harbi, and the division of Harbi into Mu'ahid and Musta'min, as it is among conventional jurists, to be correct; he believes that alongside the aforementioned titles, the neutral disbeliever is a category of disbelievers, and respect for them is established according to the evidence (1427: 1/314).
Then, God declared the initial fighting against disbelievers and polytheists permissible in the non-sacred months, and finally, with the verse under discussion, He ruled the abrogation of all previous verses and, in the event that disbelievers did not believe in the sanctity of the sacred months and the sacred sanctuary, He allowed Muslims to perform Jihad against them even during these times and in this location (Allamah Hilli, n.
Then, by presenting a short discussion regarding the meaning of "mushrik" (polytheist) in the Quranic culture and explaining that, in the absence of a specific clue, the title "mushrik" refers to someone who adheres to "shirk" (polytheism) as a religion, and finally, by specifying the polytheists whom Muslims have been commanded to kill in light of the context of the verses, it will be concluded that the noble verse refers to a specific event and that, technically, the establishment of the ruling in it is of the type of extrinsic propositions.
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