چکیده:
Among the methods of explaining religious teachings in the school of Ahl al-Bayt (AS), when facing the thoughts of opponents of Islam, are the debates and arguments that the Infallible Imams (AS) or their disciples have conducted throughout history. This article, which has been written using a descriptive-analytical method with a contemplation-oriented perspective, seeks to answer this main question: What are the most important principles governing debate and free thinking from the perspective of Imam Reza (AS)? Based on the research conducted on the debates of Imam Reza (AS), familiarity with schools and sects, stating rational principles and criteria, open-mindedness and a scientific spirit, and mastery of sciences are among the most important principles of debate according to Hazrat Reza (AS). The most important principles of free thinking according to His Eminence are integrity of motive, respecting thinkers, scientific fairness, and avoiding cases such as hasty judgment, myth-making and personality cultism, novelty-seeking and obsession with novelty, foreign worship and inferiority complex, partisan and factional attachments, and dependence on political sovereignty. These practical principles can serve as a model for formulating a document for a correct and ethics-oriented debate among all thinkers of religions and sects throughout the world, and it is in this case that it can be said that free thinking does not lead to behaviors that cause the degradation of human moral values.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Principles of Debate and Free Thinking with Emphasis on the Debates of Imam Reza Abbas Mosallai Pour, Maryam Salimi Abstract Among the methods of clarifying religious teachings in the school of Ahl al-Bayt (AS), in facing the thoughts of opponents of Islam, are the debates and arguments that the Infallible Imams (AS) or their disciples have performed throughout history.
These practical principles can serve as a model for formulating a document on how to conduct a correct and ethics-centered debate among all thinkers of religions and sects throughout the world; in this case, it can be said that free thinking does not lead to behaviors that cause the degradation of human moral values.
Imam Reza (as), in order to protect the sanctity of religion and to prevent and cleanse its pure mantle from the distortions of pseudo-scholars, always strove with ideal methods and attractive scientific and cultural approaches so that the debates would always be fruitful and beneficial in the path of the dignity and glory of Islam and Shiism.
One of the important factors in the emergence of the theological movement and the prosperity of religious and doctrinal discussions in the Razavi era is the special attention of Imam Reza (AS) to human freedom - especially in the realm of thought and reflection.
Despite this, while formally recognizing the right to free thinking and freedom of thought for opponents and followers of religions, the main goal that he pursues through his theological debates is to prove the truthfulness and superiority of Islam and the true belief of Shiism by relying on logic and proof (Ibn Babawayh, 1993 SH: 179-190).
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