چکیده:
Zanjan city has experienced significant population and morphological growth in recent decades; among the unfavorable consequences of this rapid and disproportionate growth is the formation of informal settlement areas in this city. The Islamabad area is one of the large informal settlement areas of Zanjan city, built by rural migrants following extensive rural migration after the 1350s (SH). Although this area is now considered part of the official urban areas, from a morphological, land-use, service delivery, demographic, social, and cultural perspective, it faces various problems. The aim of this research is to analyze the spatial-morphological social anomalies in the Islamabad area and describe the factors effective in the emergence of anomalies in this area. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and to identify the spatial patterns of crime distribution at the level of the Islamabad area, basic graphic statistical models, including the Mean Center test and Standard Deviational Ellipse, were used; and to detect urban crime hotspots, the Nearest Neighbor index and Kernel Density Estimation interpolation method were employed. The statistical population of the research is the total crimes committed in this area during a one-year period. The findings show that this area is one of the most important hotspots for delinquency in Zanjan city, and the spatial distribution of the crimes investigated in this area follows a clustered and concentrated pattern. The most common crimes committed in this area are assault and conflict, addiction, and drug trafficking. Additionally, there is a direct relationship between the population density in this area and the rate of delinquency occurrence. On the other hand, the high level of residential land use and the shortage or absence of certain land uses required by citizens have been effective in the geographical distribution, type and amount of crimes, and the formation of spatial delinquency patterns in this area.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The research method is descriptive-analytical, and to identify the spatial patterns of crime distribution at the level of the Islamabad area, ArcGIS statistical models, including the Mean Center test and Standard Deviational Ellipse, were used, and to detect urban crime hotspots, the Nearest Neighbor index and Kernel Density Estimation interpolation method were employed.
The findings show that this area is one of the most important hotspots for delinquency in Zanjan city, and the spatial distribution of the crimes investigated in this area follows a clustered and concentrated pattern.
Studies show that in some parts of the city, due to special physical structures and the social, economic, and cultural characteristics of the residents and users of these places, the possibility and opportunity for delinquency is higher; conversely, in some urban areas, due to the existence of obstacles and deterrent conditions, the delinquency rate is low (Kalantari et al.
Kernel Density (Refer to the page image) Conclusion Based on the research findings, one of the most important hotspots for committed crimes in Zanjan city coincides with the Islamabad informal settlement area, and the spatial distribution of the investigated crimes in the Islamabad area follows a clustered and concentrated pattern; meaning that specific parts of the area are centers of delinquency concentration, while conversely, many parts are considered clean in terms of crime commission.
(
, 
, 
)
