چکیده:
The classification of sciences, in addition to facilitating scientific endeavors, creates a type of intellectual order in the researcher and defines the boundaries and extent of each science, helping to map the geometry of sciences in Islamic civilization. For this reason, this principle has always been emphasized in the Islamic scientific community. Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, a 6th-century AH Ash'ari theologian, paid attention to the classification of sciences through his authorship of the book 'Jami' al-Ulum'. By presenting sub-branches of sciences as independent sciences in his classification, he offered a new perspective on science, and his classification became a model for many scholars after him. Shams al-Din al-Amili, an 8th-century AH Shiite scholar, addressed the classification of sciences in the book 'Nafais al-Funun'. Similar to Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, he introduced new sciences in his classification and achieved a novel approach in the history of science by breaking traditional classifications of sciences. The aforementioned classifications have points of similarity and difference, both in the type of attitude toward science and in the hierarchical order of sciences. During this study, while comparing these two classifications with each other, the influence and importance of intellectual-theological views and the historical circumstances of these scholars in the classification of sciences and the presentation of different classifications in the history of science will be explained.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Studies in the History of Islam Fourth Year/Issue /13 Summer 2012 A Comparative Study of the Classification of Sciences from the Perspectives of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Shams al-Din al-Amili Mohammad Baqer Khazaeli{o1o} Dr. Asghar Montazer al-Qaem{o2o} Dr. Hossein Mirjaffari{o3o} Abstract: {IBThe classification of sciences, in addition to facilitating scientific endeavors, creates a kind of intellectual order in the researcher, defines the boundaries and scope of each science, and helps in mapping the geometry of sciences in Islamic civilization.
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, an Ash'ari theologian of the sixth century AH, paid attention to the classification of sciences through his authorship of the book Jami' al-Ulum.
IB} Keywords: {VKClassification of sciences, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Shams al-Din al-Amili, Jami' al-Ulum, Nafais al-FununVK} {o(1)PhD student in History, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch moc.
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi addressed the classification of sciences during the sixth century AH, a historical period that marked the peak of Ash'arite dominance over the history of Islamic thought, and he sought the integration of Kalam (theology) and philosophy.
Second, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, as a theologian of the Ash'arite school, sought to express the principles of sciences and their connection to the science of Kalam and the spirit of Islamic revelation based on his theological thoughts, and with such an approach, he attended to the classification of sciences.
Whereas Shams al-Din al-Amili, a Shiite teacher, sought the integration of philosophy and Sufism, emphasized the importance of discovery and intuition (kashf and shuhud) in scientific perception, and on the basis of this thought, presented a different interpretation in the classification of sciences.
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