چکیده:
Mohammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn ibn Babawayh al-Qummi, famously known as Sheikh Saduq, is one of the great Imami jurists and traditionists of the fourth century AH, whose works are mostly categorized among the works of traditionists due to their narrated nature. However, one of his important innovations is establishing a link between the Holy Quran and the hadiths of the Infallibles (peace be upon them). One instance of this link is his view regarding the instantaneous revelation of the Holy Quran, based on a narration from Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him). This view has been severely criticized by prominent figures such as Sheikh Mufid, Sayyid Murtada, and Ibn Shahrashub, who only accepted the gradual revelation of the Holy Quran. Examining the evidence and proofs of these scholars and responding to them—which is the primary goal of this writing—shows that those evidences only indicate the proof of the gradual revelation of the Quran and have no indication of denying its instantaneous revelation. On the other hand, in response to the fundamental objection of opponents regarding the non-authoritativeness of solitary reports (khabar al-wahid), other greats such as Sheikh Tusi, Allamah Hilli, Sayyid ibn Tawus, and Allamah Majlisi have claimed consensus on the authoritativeness of solitary reports, and many evidences and clues—as stated by Sheikh Ansari—confirm the validity of this consensus. In addition to what has been mentioned, the chain of transmission and semantic examination of the narration cited by Sheikh Saduq, and the investigation into the possibility of Taqiyya in its issuance—which is another topic of this writing—demonstrate the validity of Sheikh Saduq's narrated argument regarding the instantaneous revelation of the Holy Quran.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Sheikh Saduq's Narrated Argument for the Simultaneous Descent of the Holy Quran and a Critique of the Opponents' Evidences Dr. Mahmoud Karimi* Mohsen Dimeh Kar Grab** Abstract Abu Ja'far, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn ibn Babawayh al-Qummi, famously known as Sheikh Saduq, is one of the great Imami jurists and traditionists of the fourth century AH.
" Multiple evidences confirm his identification; such as its consistency with other chains of Hafs's narrations in al-Kafi, its consistency with some of the chains of the tafsir attributed to Ali ibn Ibrahim, and its consistency with al-Saduq's chain, which includes "Qasim ibn Muhammad and Sulayman ibn Dawud" in addition to Hafs; therefore, the narrators of the two chains are: A) The narrators mentioned in al-Kulayni's chain Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi: trustworthy (thiqa), reliable, and of the correct school of thought (sahih al-madhhab), Ibrahim ibn Hashim al-Qummi: Sayyid ibn Tawus has claimed consensus (ijma) regarding his trustworthiness, and Ayatollah Khoei has considered this claim to be indicative of the authentication of some of the early scholars, which is sufficient to prove his trustworthiness.
Answer: First, if there were a possibility of Taqiyya, Sheikh al-Saduq would not have expressed its content as one of the beliefs of the Imamiye; second, Hafs's narration has been cited in the tafsir attributed to Ali ibn Ibrahim (three times), al-Kafi, and Tafsir al-Ayyashi; Faydh al-Kashani, Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani, Hurr al-Amili, Allamah Majlisi, Huwayzi, Qummi, and Mashhadi have also narrated this narration, and none of them have referred to "Taqiyya.
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