چکیده:
One the fundamentals of Islamic economics is the elimination of Riba in economics activities. Hence، the evaluation of the Islamic banking and elimination of Riba approaches has always been one of the important questions in the mind of Islamic economists. A precise look at the available literature in this field، shows that the proposed approaches has mostly focused on the nature of the banking activities and tried to put banking contract in the permissible ways. However، one of the very important things in this regards is to propose new structures to satisfy the goals of legislators of interest-free banking law. This paper first of all tries to evaluate the characteristics of Islamic banking system in Iran in the years that the interest-free banking law has been enforced. After that، the previously suggested models of organizing the Islamic banking activities are evaluated and finally، the process of using the venture capital approaches and models to reorganize some of the allocation activities of Islamic banking system is proposed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Commercial and specialized banks, by opening various types of current, savings, and time deposits, attract funds in excess of the needs of natural and legal persons and commit to returning the principal and interest of those accounts to the depositors in accordance with the regulations of said accounts; then, banks, while observing legal and reserve requirements, make the resources obtained from deposits available to economic enterprises and households in the form of loans and credits, and at a certain maturity or maturities, they recover the principal and interest (usury) of them.
2. Specialized Bank: A bank that usually operates in the capital market and is engaged in the mobilization and allocation of medium-term and long-term resources in specific economic fields, and its goal is to maximize profit.
3. Development Bank: A bank that operates in the capital market and usually engages in the mobilization and allocation of long-term resources in specific economic fields, and its goals are aligned with the goals of development programs or the national policies of the country.
Market-institution oriented strategy In the first strategy, the development bank mobilizes long-term financial resources from inside and outside the country under relatively appropriate conditions and allocates them to private sector entrepreneurs with relatively suitable terms along with specialized consultations.
Solutions for the banking system to use venture capital In Iran, because banks account for the largest volume of resource mobilization and, on the other hand, to be accountable to fund owners and due to the lack of development of financial institutions, they have directly proceeded to establish investment companies.
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