چکیده:
Śakti، from Sanskrit shak، means sacred power and energy. In Hindu scriptures، it means the "efficient energy" of the Supreme Principle، or the feminine aspect of the Supreme Principle، which is responsible for every act of creation. According to Tantric doctrines، the supreme Śakti is the only feminine substance behind the well-known triple-aspect of The Reality i.e. Sat، Chit، Ānanda. Thus، similar to Brahman in Advaita Vedānta، Śakti is also regarded as "Satchidānanda"، and like Brahman، it descends into the world of manifestation، while keeping herself concealed and unperceivable behind the veil of universal illusion، i.e. the Māyā. Śakti is also responsible for the world's final destination، so much so that the whole manifestation is supposed to be reintegrated into its single substance، i.e. the Śakti. Therefore، Śakti is the supreme creative substance، the divine-mother، from her sacred womb the whole manifestation comes forth and to her، the world strongly desires to return.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Cult of Shakti Worship in Shaivite Schools ∗ Mahboubeh Hadi Nia Abstract Shakti in the Sanskrit language means power and energy, and in Hindu sacred texts, especially Tantric ones, it is a title for the feminine creative force that is the single source of all forms of energy in the universe.
The discovery of several clay figurines of a goddess in whom sexual organs and fertility symbols are exaggerated, as well as beads representing the female genitalia (yoni) 2 and male genitalia (linga) 3 that are symbolically united with each other, 4 indicates the existence of a Mother Goddess worship cult and a belief in a creative feminine force that played an effective role in the creation and management of the universe.
With the passage of time and the influence of Dravidian religion and culture on the invading Aryans, one of the most important Vedic religious elements, namely the worship of the goddess and the creative feminine force, along with passionate rituals, worship ceremonies, and sexual union rites, entered the Hindu religion of the Epic Period and found a distinct identity as the cult of Shakti worship, 7 or the cult of Shakti and Shiva worship 8, within the philosophical and religious schools of Shaivism, and especially Kashmiri Shaivism known as Tantric Shaivism.
In contrast, in Left-hand Saivism, the worship of both the active male (Shiva) and female (Shakti) forces of the universe is equal, and the followers of this sect seek to realize the unity between these two principles in a single transcendent existence through yoga.
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