چکیده:
The cultural movement of Islamic historiography has always been under the influence of various factors, some of which are rooted in the needs of social life and others are influenced by the levels of progress of human society. In this article, attention is paid to some of the factors affecting this section and its characteristics, and accordingly, a discussion about the schools of historiography in Medina and Iraq has been presented.
خلاصه ماشینی:
On the other hand, the governmental organization established by the Caliphs, like any other political structure, encompassed countless dimensions; the Ridda wars linked the present days to previous times; the return of Jahiliyyah thoughts after the passing of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم with the emergence of ethnic and tribal conflicts and to its consequence, political classifications took on a new appearance, and attention and concern for genealogies (ansab) also became widespread despite Islam's struggle against ethnic boasting, through the payment of rights based on ethnicity and lineage during the time of the second Caliph, but this time with a special and extensive attention; in the sense that, in addition to tribal issues, it created political importance in the matter of governance.
A noteworthy point in the Medinan school is the use of qisas (stories), tales, and Isra'iliyyat within the historical narrations and Hadiths of this period, which is clearly seen in the surviving works from the second century, including the Sira of Ibn Ishaq; especially in discussions related to pre-Islamic history and creation; but the emergence of this issue dates back to the era of the Caliphate of Umar; in such a way that for the first time, Tamim al-Dari,(46) a Christian who became a Muslim, began narrating stories with the permission of Umar, and this was a beginning for the continuation of this movement by Ka'b al-Ahbar,(47) a Yemeni Jew who became a Muslim.
(
, 
, 
)
