Belief in progress مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

When Comte and Marx expressed themselves as if there were a continuous current determines humans, say, thought and feeling, except in moments when they are imprecise and confused, do not speak of the existence of external forces relative to individuals that cause their actions; although in moments when they have greater awareness, they are conscious that what they refer to as "social forces" or the "stream of events" are merely human activities, yet they, for reasons that I will discuss later, say something that if we examine it carefully, we will see is meaningless. Saint-Simon, Comte, and Marx differ from Condorcet and Turgot in another way; they speak as if the way humans behave in society is determined by the social and cultural order. But Turgot and Condorcet, although they consider it self-evident that the increase in knowledge affects other aspects of human life in society, do not assume that all social activities are so closely linked to each other that all of them change within the framework of a stable order knowledge will be accumulated, unless something happens that prevents its realization, and he argued that, if knowledge is to be accumulated, this accumulation must take place based on a specific order. B. Burrin, in his book, claims the idea of progress(6) in favor of Francis Bacon; he was the first great philosopher to speak of this doctrine that the accumulation of knowledge is desirable because it increases human power toward increasing their happiness.