چکیده:
After the institution of philosophy took shape within the sphere of Islamic culture, the feeling of conflict between religion and philosophy compelled Muslim thinkers to adopt various positions. Some abandoned philosophy and engaged in its condemnation, while a handful preferred philosophy over religion; however, a thinker like Al-Farabi established a new philosophical system in which revelation was regarded as a form of "knowledge" and was subjected to philosophical explanation, revealing that wisdom and Sharia have a single source and cannot be in conflict with each other. After Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina also completed his theory and added important elements to it. However, Ibn Rushd, due to the rigidity he held regarding the absolute truth of Aristotelian philosophy, undertook the revival of Aristotelian philosophy. The philosophy that Ibn Rushd revived was alien to the spirit of Islamic philosophy and lacked the capacity for the philosophical explanation of revelation as a supernatural and non-empirical knowledge. After losing hope in his own philosophy, in the book Fasl al-Maqal, relying on jurisprudential and theological presuppositions, he attempts to reconcile wisdom and Sharia. This attempt has been criticized in this article.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Some abandoned philosophy and engaged in its condemnation, while a handful preferred philosophy over religion; however, a thinker like Al-Farabi established a new philosophical system in which revelation was regarded as a "knowledge" and subjected to philosophical explanation, revealing that wisdom (hikmah) and law (sharia) share a single source and cannot be in conflict with one another.
Keywords: Revelation, Sharia, Revelatory Knowledge, Averroes' Philosophy, Al-Farabi's Philosophy ______________________________ 1 - Assistant Professor of the Department of Philosophy, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch Not much time had passed since the emergence of Islam when the seedling of philosophical thought began to sprout, and after a short period during the Abbasid era, the turbulent flood of Greek philosophy and rational sciences joined the stream of Muslim philosophical thoughts, creating a massive philosophical current.
In our view, one of the most pivotal of these principles, which has become the most fundamental foundation for the realization of "Islamic philosophy" in a specific sense and "religious philosophy" in a general sense, and can be considered one of the most prominent distinguishing chapters of this philosophy, was the proposal of the theory of "philosophical explanation of revelation" by the sage Abu Nasr al-Farabi, who, in a principled manner, placed the institution of religion and the institution of philosophy side by side and simultaneously removed any fundamental incompatibility between them.
(Ibn Sina, 1363:112) 2- The role of heavenly angels in particular revelation: Al-Farabi considered the source of revelatory knowledge to be the active intellect, both in universal revelation and particular revelation.
(
, 
, 
)
